Cell Cycle and Cancer Review

Cell Cycle and Cancer Review

Get ready for the test!

Why do cells divide?

Cells divide to grow, replace dead or damaged cells, or in some cases to reproduce asexually.

Open Ended

Name a reason why a cell in your body is dividing.

Cell Cycle

• G1 - Cell grows

• S - DNA Replication

• G2 - Get ready to divide

• M (PMAT) - Division of Nucleus

• C- Division of cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

During which phase does DNA make a copy of itself?

• G1

• S

• G2

• M

Multiple Choice

During which phase does the nucleus of the cell divide?

• G1

• S

• G2

• M - Mitosis

Multiple Choice

During which phase does a cell get ready for division?

• G1

• S

• G2

• M-Mitosis

Multiple Choice

During which phase does a cell grow bigger?

• G1

• S

• G2

• M-Mitosis

Multiple Select

What 3 phases make up Interphase?

• G1

• S

• G2

• M

• C

Multiple Choice

Why is interphase so long?

• The cell has to grow

• The cell performs normal functions to keep the body alive

• The cell copies the DNA

• All of the above

Checkpoints

The cell cycle includes 3 checkpoints. The job of the checkpoint is to check that the cell is ready to go on to the next phase.

Checkpoints

• G1- Checks that the cell is big enough to divide.

• G2- Checks for mistakes in the DNA

• M- Checks that the DNA is ready to split

Multiple Choice

True or False: A cell will not continue to the next phase if its DNA is damaged.

• True

• False

Cancer

Cancer occurs when the cell no longer responds to the normal signals to divide. There is uncontrolled cell growth.

Poll

Have you known someone that has or has had cancer?

• Yes

• No

• Not Sure

Open Ended

What are some carcinogens, substances that cause cancer, that you have been exposed to in your life?

Tumor Suppressor Gene

• Tells the cell to stop dividing.

• It is like brakes on a car

• When mutated, the cell cannot stop dividing

Multiple Choice

In a normal cell, what does a tumor suppressor tell the cell to do?

• Start dividing

• Stop dividing

• Divide twice

Proto-Oncogene

• Tells the cell to divide

• It is like the gas in a car

• When mutated it turns into an oncogene. The signal to divide is turned on all the time!

Multiple Choice

In a normal cell, what does the proto-oncogene tell the cell to do?

• Start dividing

• Stop dividing

• Divide twice

Multiple Choice

When a person gets a mutation in both the tumor suppressor gene and proto-oncogene, what disease do they have?

• Cancer

• Virus

• Infection

• Fungus

Open Ended

Why do people need mutations in both the tumor suppressor gene and proto-oncogene to get cancer?