Computing Revision-Legal, ethical, environmental issues

Computing - Legal, ethical, environmental revision

Laws

• Data Protection Act

• Computer Misuse Act

• Copyright, Design & Patents Act

• RIPA

Data Protection Act

• Processed fairly & lawfully

• Only used for the purpose it was taken for

• Accurate and up to date

• Not kept longer than needed

• Kept safe & secure

• Limited to the data needed for the declared purpose

Computer Misuse Act

• Unauthorised access to computer material

• Unauthorised access with intent to commit or facilitate a crime

• Unauthorised modification of computer material

• Making, supplying or obtaining anything which can be used in computer misuse offences.

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Copyright, Design and Patents Act

• This Act was introduced to protect the investment of time, money and effort by the people who create original pieces of work

• Software

• Books

• Artwork

• Music

• Images

Regulation of investigatory Powers Act

• Provides a framework to allow organisations such as the secret services and the police to carry out surveillance

• To prevent or detect crimes

• Prevent public disorder

• National security

• Safety of the public

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Multiple Choice

Which law protects individuals personal data that may be collected by a business?

• Copyright Law

• Computer Misuse Act

• Data Protection Act

• RIPA

Multiple Choice

Which law protects creative works from being used without the owners permission?

• Copyright Law

• Computer Misuse Act

• Data Protection Act

• RIPA

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the law that makes hacking illegal?

• Data Protection Act
• Computer Misuse Act
• Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
• Hacking Act

Code & Copyright

• Software is also protected by copyright law

• Software that is owned by a company does not let the user have access to the code

• People may copy the code - They would lose money

• Open source software allows the user to see the code, alter it and do what they like with it - others can learn from it

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Multiple Choice

What is open source software?

• Software that does not allow the user to view the code

• Software that has a licence for a certain number of people to use

• Software where the code is freely available for anyone to use

Multiple Select

Why might it be difficult to tell if code has been copied from someone else?

• If the 2 programs do the same thing its likely they will be similar

• Small sections could be the same by coincidence

• Programmers may have similar coding styles

Multiple Select

Some people think all code should be freely available. Why do you think this is?

• Can lead to higher levels of innovation

• Copying code could result in multiple products having the same bugs;

• It is difficult to be sure that program code has been copied

Morals & Ethics

• Ethics are external standards that are provided by institutions or groups to which an individual belongs e.g police, lawyer doctor

• Morals are also influenced by culture or society, but they are personal principles created and upheld by individuals themselves.

Multiple Choice

Michael uses some of the software he develops for SekureSoft in his own games software

• Legal

• Moral/ethical

Multiple Choice

Michael employs people in China and India to write routines for his game software; he pays them a very low wage to do this work.

• Legal

• Moral/Ethical

Privacy

• Ordinary citizens value their privacy and may not like it when governments or security services have too much access.

• Governments and security services often argue that they cannot keep their citizens safe from terrorism and other attacks unless they have access to private data.

  
  

Poll

Do you think the Government should have access to our private data?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Which law was designed to give certain groups the legal right to carry out digital surveillance and access digital communication held by a person or organisation.

• Data Protection Act

• Computer Misuse Act

• Copyright Law

• RIPA

Environmental issues

• Throw away society – must have the latest model

• Toxic chemicals seep in to the ground

• Energy used to run servers

Multiple Choice

Which of these toxic elements is NOT found in computers ?

• Lead

• Cadmium

• Mercury

• Plutonium