Ocean Lecture

Ocean Lecture

Multiple Choice

interpret the basic pattern of ocean current

• The main ocean current flow clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere partly due to the Coriolis effect.

• The main ocean current flows south from the poles toward the equator partly due to the variations in density of seawater.

• The main ocean current flow counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere partly due to gyres.

• The main ocean current flows clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere partly due to the ocean conveyor belt.

Multiple Choice

Current in which the variation in temperatures affects the density of water and consequently deep-water movements, with an effect on regional and global climate is called a gyre

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The Ocean

• Represents 65% of Earth surface and 75% of it is unexplored

• Represents 95% of Earth surface and 70% of it is unexplored

• Represents 75% of Earth surface and 65% of it is unexplored

• Represents 70% of Earth surface and 95% of it is unexplored

Multiple Choice

El Niño—Southern Oscillation events:

• affect coastal areas of Peru around mid-summer each year.

• occur once or twice every century.

• are responsible for dramatic increases in the productivity of fisheries off South America..

• alter both ocean and atmospheric circulation patterns

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about coral reefs is FALSE?

• Coral reefs are not very productive ecosystems

• Coral reefs protect coastlines from erosion.

• Coral reefs are found in shallow, nutrient poor, tropical waters

• Coral reefs may occur as barrier, fringing, or atoll formations

Multiple Choice

Which parameter is used to describe the number of particles suspended in a body of water?

• Turbidity

• pH

• Salinity

• BOD

Multiple Choice

Which of the following factors consume the oxygen dissolved in the water?

• Photosynthesis

• Bacteria that are decomposing organic matter

• low turbidity

• low pH

Multiple Choice

A body of water with a pH different from the neutral value of 7, is very unhealthy

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

which of the following can be a source of nitrates in the water? Select all that apply

Question options:

• bacteria

• algae

• plants

• Runoff of fertilizer Sewage and animal waste

Multiple Choice

Nitrate levels below 4 ppm indicate unpolluted water

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Why is nitrogen related to the presence of dead zones?

• Because it makes the water too basic (low pH) to sustain life and all the animals and plants exposed to nitrogen will die.

• Because it causes proliferation of too many algae. The algae will be decomposed by the bacteria that will proliferate and use all the oxygen in the water.

• Because it is toxic for living organisms: high level of nitrogen will compromise the physiology of the organisms and the environment in the water will be incompatible with life..

• Because it binds with oxygen making it unavailable for organisms in the water

Multiple Choice

What is likely to be the MOST important global impact of bycatch?

• Coral bleaching.

• Loss of ocean biodiversity

• Nonpoint source pollution.

• .Habitat destruction.

Multiple Choice

Coral reefs, sea grasses, kelps are

• Are important from an economic point of view but they have poor ecological value

• Very productive communities of the inter-tidal zone

• Relatively immune to the rising temperature of the water caused by human activities

• Communities characterized by high biodiversity and they provide important ecosystem services

Multiple Choice

Considering the human impact on the ocean, more than 41% of the ocean is estimated to be in serious harm

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Considering the human impact on the ocean, more than 41% of the ocean is estimated to be in serious harm

• True

• False