QBA3 Review

QBA3 Review

A testable question is one that can be answered by designing and conducting an investigation. Testable questions are always about changing one thing to see what the effect is on another thing.

• Example: How does temperature affect evaporation?

• Non-example: What is the climate in Florida?

Multiple Choice

What would be a testable question the boys could use for their investigation?

• How does stirring help sugar dissolve in water?

• How much sugar will dissolve in a glass of water?

• What will help us dissolve sugar in a glass of water?

• The more you stir or shake, the faster the sugar dissolves.

Multiple Select

Check all of the testable questions.

• What is the best time of year to go skiing?

• How does temperature affect precipitation?

• How much wood could a wood chuck chuck if a wood chuck could chuck wood?

• How does hand-washing affect the number of bacteria on your hand?

• What flavor of ice cream is the best?

Scientific Investigations & Experiments

• An organized scientific study of the natural world that may include making systematic observations, asking questions, gathering information, analyzing data, summarizing results, drawing conclusions, and/or communicating results.

• A scientific test or procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to answer a scientific question. 

Multiple Choice

How is a scientific experiment different from other types of investigations?

• Investigations are only done by scientists.

• Investigations require variables to test a hypothesis.

• Scientific experiments are only done using observations

• )A scientific experiment uses variables and establishes a cause-effect relationship.

Multiple Choice

How many times should an experiment be repeated?

• twice

• at least 3 times

• once

• never

Multiple Choice

Sally was disappointed with the lunch being served at school. She decided to take a student survey about the kinds of food students liked to eat. Is Sally conducting a scientific experiment in this case?

• Yes, the is conducting research.

• No, she must compile her data in some way.

• No, a survey is not an experiment.

• Yes, Sally is collecting opinions that are a form of qualitative data.

Multiple Choice

Carlos reviewed the data on water use in the United States. Carlos wanted to help conserve water, so he and his father fixed all the leaks in the house and garage. Carlos hypothesized that if they fixed their leaks, they would not use as much water as before. What MUST Carlos do to make this a real experiment?

• Determine his manipulated variable.

• Draw a conclusion from the data in the bar graph.

• Collect and analyze data before and after the leaks are fixed.

• Make a prediction about the amount of water used before fixing the leaks.

Multiple Choice

Shawn conducted an experiment and did not get the results he was expecting. What should he do first?

• Shawn should write conclusions.

• Shawn should share his results.

• Shawn should explain what he thought should have happened.

• Shawn should check his experiment for errors and try again.

Multiple Choice

A scientist is walking along the beach when he sees a nest with turtle eggs. He would like to know more about what happens when the turtles hatch. How could he conduct a scientific investigation without having to use all the steps in the scientific method?

• Take the eggs back to his lab and put some under a light to see if they need sunlight to hatch.

• Watch and observe the nest of eggs each day to gather evidence.

• Buy a turtle from the pet store and observe it at his lab.

• Go to his public library to read about turtle eggs.

Multiple Choice

Several classes of students wanted to know if the temperature of the soil changed with the temperature of the air. They recorded the temperature of the soil and the air in the same place, three times a day, for three days. Each class made a chart. At the end, two classes compared charts. Their results were different.

• They could see which chart looks the best.

• They could go to a third class and copy their results.

• They could check each others’ work and look for mistakes.

• They could let the teacher tell them whose numbers are correct.

Multiple Select

How is evidence confirmed? Choose 3 that apply.

• analysis

• experiment

• inference

• observations

• ignoring errors

Multiple Select

Scientific investigations do not always follow the strict set of steps known as the scientific method. Which TWO things are needed in order for a scientific investigation to take place?

• observations

• drawings

• graphs

• evidence

• intelligence

Multiple Choice

How do you turn a scientific investigation into a true experiment?

• change multiple variables

• observe only

• change one variable and control the rest

• change two variables and control the rest

Opinions versus Observations

• Opinions are beliefs that a person has formed about a topic or issue.

• Observation is the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information.

• In science, evidence is based on observation rather than opinion or personal biases.

Multiple Choice

Jackson is organizing his notes for his science lab. His teacher has asked that he only include actual observations about the experiment, not ideas about the experiment. Which statement should Jackson remove from his notes?

• Plant A sprouted 2 days before Plant B.

• Plant A was greener in color than Plant B.

• Plant A grew 2 centimeters taller than Plant B.

• Plant A got more sunlight so that made it grow taller.

Multiple Choice

The bear population in a national forest was monitored for several years. Scientists collected data about what the bears ate during those year. The data was summarized and presented in this pie chart.

Which statement would be a researcher observation from the data collected during the ten years?

• Bear cubs ate plants. Adult bears ate animals.

• The largest part of the bears' diet was plants.

• The bears' ate more animals than they did plants.

• Bears like to eat plants more than they like to eat animals.

Multiple Choice

Mina's science class decides to conduct an experiment to learn more about ice. She sets one ice cube on the counter at room temperature. She sets another same-sized ice cube in the class refrigerator.

Mina predicts that since it is warmer on the counter at room temperature, the ice cube on the counter will melt faster. What result would confirm this prediction?

• When the counter ice cube is melted, the refrigerator ice cube is not finished melting.

• When the counter ice cube is melted, the refrigerator ice cube is also finished melting.

• When the counter ice cube is not quite melted, the refrigerator ice cube is finished melting.

• When the counter ice cube is not quite melted, the refrigerator ice cube is not finished melting.

Multiple Choice

After months of grueling research, Karl has come to the conclusion that Brand A cola tastes better than Brand B cola. Why would people claim that this is not a valid conclusion?

• Scientific conclusions need to be based on fact and not opinion.

• His friends are wrong, and this is a valid conclusion.

• Karl did not follow the scientific method.

• Karl is not a real scientist.

Multiple Choice

After reviewing the results of your science fair project, you state that water has increased the growth of fungi. This is a(n)

• inference

• opinion

• perception

• conclusion

Multiple Choice

When an experiment is repeated and the new results are different from the original results, what could you assume to be true?

• The results from both experiments are worthless.

• The first experiment's results are worthless and should be discarded.

• The experimental design is flawed and the experiment should be discarded.

• Neither test results are 100% reliable and additional experimentation is needed.

Multiple Choice

A chemist measuring the viscosity of oils records the instruments and methodology used, so that another scientist will be able to achieve exactly the same results of the experiment. This is an example of

• inference

• obsevation

• replication

• hypothesize

Multiple Choice

If a scientific experiment repeatedly gives the same results, the experiment is

• reliable

• a law

• invalid

• being done by an untrained student.

Multiple Choice

When an accurate experiment is repeated by another scientist, the results

• should be similar to those obtained originally.

• will be identical every time the experiment is repeated.

• should be completely different for a different scientist.

• should vary quite a bit because of the difference in time between the completion of the experiments.

Multiple Select

A valid experiment must (2 answers):

• deliver the results you predicted.

• be accurate and repeatable

• be highly accurate.

• be reliable.

Multiple Choice

When an experiment is repeated and the new results are different from the original results, what could you assume to be true?

• The results from both experiments are worthless.

• The first experiment's results are worthless and should be discarded.

• The experimental design is flawed and the experiment should be discarded.

• Neither test results are 100% reliable and additional experimentation is needed.

Control Group

• A group in an experiment that is used to compare to the experimental group; a group that is untreated by the factor being tested.

Multiple Choice

Martin is testing liquids to determine what helps tomato plants grow best. He plants four tomato seeds in four separate pots. He uses different liquids to water each plant every other day: water, hydrogen peroxide, coffee, and rubbing alcohol. Martin then measures the growth rate of each plant.

What is the control for Martin’s experiment?

• pots

• water

• seeds

• growth rate

Multiple Choice

A average sneeze travels at about 100 miles an hour. Rebecca designs an experiment to increase the speed of sneezes. She subjects four participants to different stimulants: pepper, bright light, pollen, and fizzy soda. While the participant sneezes Rebecca measures how fast air traveled through the nasal passage.

What is the control in Rebecca’s experiment?

• the four participants

• the different stimulants

• the speed of a typical sneeze

• the speed of the induced sneezes

Multiple Choice

A researcher is studying the effects of eating habits on body exertion. Two groups of ten men were given the opportunity to sit down and eat at an all-you-can-eat buffet. All the men are 35 years old and weigh between 190 and 200 pounds. Before they eat, one group is told that they will run one mile 30 minutes after they eat. The other group is told to enjoy their meal and nothing else.

What was the control in the experiment?

• the group that is told nothing

• The age of the men

• The weight of the two groups of men.

• The group that is told they are going to run one mile.

Multiple Choice

You are conducting an experiment to see how temperature affects how chocolate melts. You place 1 oz of chocolate in the freezer, 1 oz of chocolate in the oven, and once piece of chocolate on the counter. What is your control?

• The piece in the oven

• The piece on the counter

• The piece in the wrapper

• The piece in the freezer

The Water Cycle

The water cycle is the path that all water follows as it moves around Earth in different states. Liquid water is found in oceans, rivers, lakes—and even underground. Solid ice is found in glaciers, snow, and at the North and South Poles. Water vapor—a gas—is found in Earth’s atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

In the water cycle, water vapor evaporates into the atmosphere and forms clouds through condensation. What happens in the atmosphere to the water in order for the clouds to form?

• Water drops mix with air pollution to form clouds.

• The evaporated water warms up and moves closer together.

• The evaporated water cools and drops get closer together.

• The sun heats the evaporated water and the water drops move faster.

Multiple Choice

When energy from the Sun heats up the a puddle of water, the water in the puddle _________ into the air.

• runs off

• condenses

• precipitates

• evaporates

Multiple Choice

Clouds form when water vapor moves into the atmosphere. What drives this process?

• convection currents

• condensation

• solar energy

• rocks and minerals

Multiple Choice

During the water cycle, the sun's energy evaporates water from the surface of Earth. This water returns to Earth as some form of

• precipitation.

• transpiration.

• ground water.

• condensation.

Multiple Choice

Clouds form due to

• condensation

• precipitation

• evaporation

• transpiration

Precipitation

Multiple Choice

Which form of precipitation needs a thunderstorm in order to form?

• hail

• rain

• sleet

Multiple Choice

What determines if rain, sleet or snow form?

• the temperature in the clouds

• the temperature on the ground

• the temperature of the air above the ground

• the type of cloud

Multiple Choice

Which type of precipitation occurs when the water vapor in a cloud freezes to form ice crystals?

• hail

• rain

• sleet

• snow

Multiple Choice

When water droplets fall from clouds and pass through a layer of cold air, they can freeze before hitting the ground. What is the name for this type of precipitation?

• snow

• sleet

• dew

• rain

Weather tools/Weather

Weather tools used to determine weather conditions.

Multiple Choice

A hygrometer is used to measure

• wind direction

• air pressure

• temperature

• humidity

Multiple Choice

This tool is used to measure air pressure.

• rain gauge

• thermometer

• hygrometer

• barometer

Multiple Choice

An anemometer is used to measure

• wind direction

• wind speed

• air pressure

• humidity

Multiple Choice

What weather conditions could we expect to see as the low pressure area moves through Georgia?

• sunny and clear

• rainy and cloudy

• winds and increased rain

• a huge drop in temperature

Weather vs. Climate

• Weather is the short-term condition of the atmosphere.

• Climate is the long-term condition of the atomosphere.

Multiple Select

What are the factors that determine the climate of an area? (3 answers)

Check all that apply.

• temperature

• latitude

• longitude

• precipitation

• seismic activity

Multiple Choice

Land near the ocean, along the coast, experiences weather that is more moderate than the inland climate. So, along the coast, you can predict that compared to inland weather, it should be __________ during the summer, and __________ during the winter.

• cooler; warmer

• warmer; cooler

• cooler; cooler

• warmer; warmer

Multiple Choice

What climate is characterized by constant high temperatures at sea level with an average temperature of 18°C/64°F or higher, and is found near the equator?

• arid

• polar

• tropical

• temperate

Multiple Choice

The climate of Hawaii is cooler than the climate of other places in the same latitudes. This is MOST LIKELY a direct result of

• plate tectonics

• precipitation

• ocean temperature

• condensation

Adaptations

The natural process by which an animal or plant becomes fitted to its surroundings, or environment to better survive is known as adaptation.

Multiple Choice

Animals have various adaptations for different seasons. Birds in cold locations often migrate south to warmer locations during winter months. Which statement best explains why birds MOST LIKELY make this annual movement south?

• to lead predators away from their homes

• to find a safe place to hide their young

• to find a fertile location with more food

• to teach their young to fly great distances

Multiple Choice

When still, this lizard looks a lot like a branch of the tree where it is laying. The lizard can actually change color to match its surroundings. How is this an advantage for survival?

• The lizard is better able to find shelter.

• The lizard is more attractive to possible mates.

• This lizard mimics other more dangerous lizards.

• The lizard is camouflaged from predators and prey.

Multiple Choice

Scorpions have adapted to their environment by conserving water. This is because they live in dry areas that have extreme temperature changes and are covered in sand. In what environment does the scorpion live?

• desert

• rainforest

• tundra

• tropics

Multiple Choice

Both plants are producers and use photosynthesis to make food. There are differences between the two plants even though they carry out the same processes. What is one way the desert plant differs from the rainforest plant?

• The roots are bigger to collect water.

• The desert plant does not make flowers

• The desert plant is much smaller in size

• The leaves are smaller to reduce water loss.

Organs of the Human Body, Animals and Plants

The organs of the human body have different functions.

Similarly, animals and plants have organs that serve similar functions.

Multiple Choice

Gills

Lungs

Skin

Are all organs that serve what function?

• respiration

• exretion

• digestion

• protection

Multiple Choice

Each of these organs is part of a different human body system. Which organ helps in the removal of waste as part of the human excretory system?

• heart

• brain

• stomach

• bladder

Multiple Choice

Animals' organs and plants' structures allow these organisms to grow, survive, and reproduce. Which animal characteristic serves a similar function as the waxy coating found on most plants' leaves?

• skin

• skeleton

• liver

• kidneys

Multiple Choice

Some body parts of plants and animals are different, but they may have similar functions. Animal cells and tissues do not make a flower. But animals, including humans, have an organ system that has the same function as these flowers. What is that function?

• sending signals throughout the body

• excretion

• reproduction

• digestion

Multiple Choice

Animals' organs and plants' structures allow these organisms to grow, survive, and reproduce. Evaluate the structures and organs provided. Select the pair that serve similar functions.

• An animal's fur and a plant's roots

• An animal's skin and a plant's flower

• An animal's skeleton and a plant's stem

• An animal's stomach and a plant's flower

Space

• Our solar system is composed of eight planets - My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos

• The first four are the terrestrial planets, also known as the inner planets. They are smaller and made of rock.

• Between the inner and outer planets, you will find the asteroid belt.

• The outer plants, also known as the gas giants are much larger than the inner planets and all have rings.

• Asteroids and comets both revolve around the sun, but comets are made of ice.

Multiple Choice

The Milky Way galaxy is what shape?

• elliptical

• conical

• random

• spiral

Multiple Choice

Stars appear as small points of light in the sky because

• they are so much dimmer than the sun.

• they are so much smaller than the sun.

• their light is lessened by our atmosphere.

• they are so much further away than the sun

Multiple Choice

What is a galaxy?

• a cluster of stars, planets, gas, and dust all held together by gravity

• one or more planets orbiting around a star, similar to our Sun

• )a cluster of millions of stars in a definite pattern in space

• all the billions of stars that exist in space

Multiple Choice

The inner planets are DIFFERENT from the outer planets mainly because they are

• comprised of gas

• comprised of rock

• larger

• colder

Multiple Choice

When a planet completes a full rotation about its axis, which of these does it also cover?

• A day

• A week

• A year

• A month

Multiple Choice

Why does Mars take 462.3 Earth days more than Venus to revolve round the Sun?

• Mars is colder than Venus.

• Mars is lighter than Venus.

• The Sun is closer to Venus than it is to Mars.

• The diameter of Mars is less than that of Venus.

Multiple Choice

Which characteristic is true about all planets in our solar system?

• They all orbit the Sun.

• They can all support life forms.

• They all have at least one moon.

• They are all about the same size.

Multiple Choice

Each of these organs is part of a different human body system. Which organ helps in the removal of waste as part of the human excretory system?

• heart

• brain

• stomach

• bladder