GRAMMAR REVIEW

GRAMMAR REVIEW

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Identifying Cause and Effect with Signal Words

Directions:

Read the passage below and underline the four sentences with a cause and effect

relationship. Hint: Look for the signal words

since, so,so, so, because, and as a result

.

Whales are mammals, so they breathe air. Since they have a layer of fat under their skin called blubber, they stay warm in the cold ocean water. They breathe through their blowholes by shooting air out of the blowholes. New air goes in through the blowholes, too.

Whales don’t sleep the same way humans do because they have to think about breathing. If they slept like humans do, then they would drown.

Whales talk to each other. Their calls are the loudest calls of any creature on the planet and as a result, travel a very far distance through the water.

Multiple Choice

Whales are mammals, so they breathe air.

Which is the cause?

• Whales are mammals,

• they breathe air.

Multiple Choice

Since they have a layer of fat under their skin called blubber.

What is the effect of the fact that whales have a layer of fat under their skin?

• they stay warm in the cold ocean water.

• They can breathe

• They can swim

Multiple Choice

Whales don’t sleep the same way humans do because they have to think about breathing. If they slept like humans do, then they would drown.

What would happen if Whales slept like humans do?

• They would die

• They would swim

• They would feel well.

Multiple Choice

They breathe through their blowholes by shooting air out of the blowholes. New air goes in through the blowholes, too.

What is the effect of shooting air out of the blowholes?

• Whales can breathe.

• Whales can swim

• Whales can smell.

Multiple Choice

Whales talk to each other. Their calls are the loudest calls of any creature on the planet and as a result, travel a very far distance through the water.

Why can whales listen to each other meanwhile they are under the water?

• The sound of their calls are very loud.

• They use louder speaker

• They talk to each others.

Multiple Choice

The show was great.

Is it a cause or an effect?

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

It is my sister's birthday today.

What is an effect?

• My sister went out to play with her friends.

• I am helping my mom to put all the decorations.

• My friends are coming for a sleepover.

Multiple Choice

I am going to a football match.

What is the cause?

• It is the weekend.

• I want to have lunch with my best friend.

• I want to watch my favorite team playing.

Multiple Choice

I worked hard to complete my homework correctly.

What is the effect?

• I was selected star of the week.

• I watched a movie in class.

• I slept early.

Multiple Choice

I went to the doctor.

What is the cause?

• I wanted to chat with him.

• I got sick.

• I wanted to tell him my plans

Multiple Choice

I will take a flashlight with me.

What is the cause?

• It is fun to play with a flashlight.

• It is too dark outside.

• i want to call my friends.

Multiple Choice

I am a fast runner.

Is it a cause or an effect?

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

The baby is hungry.

Is it a cause or an effect?

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

The balloon popped.

Is it a cause or an effect?

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

I am playing in the mud.

Is it a cause or an effect?

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

The tree fell down.

Is it a cause or an effect?

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

Tim forgot his math book so he wasn't able to complete his homework.
What is the effect?

• Tim forgot his math book.
• Tim wasn't able to complete his homework.
• Time left his book at school.
• Tim wasn't paying attention to his teacher

Multiple Choice

When I woke up, I found that a beautiful, cold blanket of white covered my yard.
What was the cause?

• It rained last night!
• A giant chef sneezed flour over my neighborhood!
• It must have snowed while I slept.
• The trees were frosty white too.

Multiple Choice

What's the effect ?
 Paul overslept. 

• He was late for school.
• He was very hungry.
• His dog kept barking.
• His parents bought a new car.

Multiple Choice

Erin's car had a flat tire, so she called a tow truck.
What is the cause?

• Erin's car had a flat tire
• so she called a tow truck

Multiple Choice

Keegan was hungry because he skipped lunch.
What is the effect?

• Keegan was hungry
• because he skipped lunch

Multiple Choice

Cause: The dishes were dirty.
What is a possible effect?

• Mom put them on the table.
• They broke.
• Mom put them in the dish washer.
• I put them in the trash can.

Multiple Choice

Cause: We are out of milk.

• My dog ran away.
• We missed the bus.
• We could not have cereal for breakfast.
• We had sandwiches for lunch.

Multiple Choice

Cause:  It is a windy day.
What is a possible effect?

• The dog began to bark.
• David flew his kite.
• She played in the sand.
• We used an umbrella.

Multiple Choice

Effect: I did not understand what we were doing.

• I was not paying attention.
• I did all my homework.
• I ate an apple.
• I got a 100 on the test.

Multiple Choice

Cause: Today is Alanna's birthday.

• She got into trouble.
• She did not get any presents.
• She got birthday cake.
• She scraped her leg.

Multiple Choice

Cause: Jill left a glass of water outside when it was very cold.

• The glass turned blue.
• It turned into orange juice.
• The water was poured out.
• The water froze.

Multiple Choice

Cause: My dad picked corn from the garden.

• We had dinner at a restaurant.
• We had some corn with dinner.
• I finished my homework before dinner.
• I had to clean the dishes after lunch.

Multiple Choice

Effect: The plant died.

• The plant did not get enough water.
• The girl took care of the plant.
• The plant got plenty of sun.
• The plant was pretty.

Multiple Choice

Effect: I got in trouble.

• I gave my mom a rose I picked.
• I did my homework after school.
• I cleaned my room.
• I lied to mom.

Multiple Choice

Cause: My brother added lots of sugar to his drink.

• It was too sour to drink.
• It was too sweet to drink.
• He broke the cup.
• He had to clean the dishes.