STAAR Review Day 1

STAAR Review Day 1

Multiple Choice

4A A student groups different types of cells as shown. Which table headings should the student use for the two groups?

• #1 Animal Cells

  #2 Plant Cells

• #1 Prokaryotic Cells

  #2 Eukaryotic Cells

• #1 Mobile Cells

  #2 Motile Cells

• #1 Fungal Cells

  #2 Bacterial Cells

Multiple Choice

4A: A student is studying a prepared slide of a single-celled organism with a microscope. A single-celled organism can be classified as a prokaryote based on the absences of:

• a cell membrane

• ribosomes

• chromosomes

• a nucleus

Multiple Choice

4A Students use a microscope to look for structures present in four different cells. The students placed an X for each structure that was viewed for each cell on the table shown.

Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote?

• Cell W

• Cell X

• Cell Y

• Cell Z

Multiple Choice

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains

• The origin of eukaryotes
• How species develop
• How bacteria live
• Why cells rely on one another

Multiple Choice

4A The diagram represents a theory about cells.

Which theory is represented in this diagram?

• The theory that all living organisms are made of cells

• The theory that all living organisms share the same basic genetic components

• The theory that organisms function best when their internal conditions are maintained within narrow limits

• The theory that complex cells evolved after primitive cells engulfed bacterial cells that continued functioning

Multiple Choice

What evidence does not support the evolution of chloroplasts and mitochondria from prokaryotic cells?

• fossil record

• double membrane of organelles

• similar methods of reproduction

• presence of circular DNA

Multiple Choice

The cell membrane is semi-permeable. What does that mean?

• that the cell membrane lets ALL things in and out of the cell

• that the cell membrane lets NO things in and out of the cell

• that the cell membrane lets SOME things in and out of the cell

• the cell membrane is small

Multiple Choice

A scientist is investigating cell transport. She observes molecules being transported into a cell through proteins present in the cell membrane. These proteins do not use energy to transport the molecules. Which of the following best explains the type of cell transport observed by the scientist?

• Active transport because membrane proteins were used

• Diffusion because the molecules were entering the cell

• Facilitated diffusion because the proteins were not using energy

• Osmosis because the molecules were moving against the concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

How does the cell membrane help to maintain the health of the cell?

• By providing support and structure for the cell

• By regulating the transport of materials in and out of the cell

• By manufacturing protein to provide energy for the cell

• By storing food as future energy for the cell

Multiple Choice

4B A type of cellular transport is shown.

Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport?

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

5A: Part of the cell cycle is shown in this simplified model. This part of the cell cycle is best described as the process that:

• duplicates DNA

• completes cell division

• maintains genetic homeostasis

• synthesizes new molecules

Multiple Choice

5A This model of the cell cycle includes two arrows that each represent a process in the cycle. What do the two arrows represent?

• Arrow 1 represents prophase, and Arrow 2 represents interphase.

• Arrow 1 represents mitosis, and Arrow 2 represents meiosis.

• Arrow 1 represents interphase, and Arrow 2 represents mitosis.

• Arrow 1 represents meiosis, and Arrow 2 represents prophase.

Multiple Choice

Cancer is caused by

• Out of control DNA replication

• Out of control cell cycle caused by damaged DNA

• Out of control cell cycle caused by cyclins

• Tumors

Multiple Choice

5A: People who have leukemia, a cancer that affects white blood cells, are often given Cytarabine. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by Cytarabine?

• G₁ phase

• S phase

• G₂ phase

• M phase

Multiple Choice

4C: Which of these describes a difference between viruses and cells?

• Cells contain protein, and viruses only contain carbohydrates

• Viruses have flagella, and cells have only cilia

• Cells reproduce independently, and viruses require a host to reproduce

• Viruses have membranes made of proteins, and cells have membranes made of nucleic aci

Multiple Choice

4C A student produces a labeled drawing of a virus for a presentation. The student states that the capsid has a function similar to the nuclear membrane found in animal cells.

Which of these describes the similar functions of capsids and nuclear membranes?

• Both transport proteins throughout the structures.

• Both provide energy for activities in the structures.

• Both protect genetic information for the structures.

• Both code for the proteins needed for reproduction of the structures.

Multiple Choice

Undifferentiated cells are called:

• stem cells

• nerve cells

• eye cells

• skin cells

Multiple Choice

6D From a single fertilized ovum undergoing a series of rapid cell divisions, a human infant develops. The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?

• Each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that cell type.

• Each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for that cell type.

• Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.

• Each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals.

Multiple Choice

6D CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence.

How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

• By activating or deactivating specific genes

• By calculating the number of genes different organisms produce

• By identifying how closely related one individual is to another

• By determining the number of chromosomes in an organism