passages U12-A-B

Culture Shock

The Future Perfect Tense

Mix conditionals

The future perfect tense is only used in a few situations, but it's still good to know it. Here's how to make it.

The future perfect is made with the future simple of 'have' (will have) and the past participle. For regular past participles add 'ed' to the verb ('play' becomes 'played'). Click here to learn about irregular past participles.

Here's the positive:

By six pm tonight:

• I will have finished this book

• You will have studied the English tenses

• She will have cooked dinner

• He will have arrived

• We will have met Julie

• It will have stopped raining

For the short form, we change will to 'll. But, when we are speaking, we also make 'have' shorter, so it sounds like I'll've finished (don't write this!). Here are some examples for you to listen to:

• I'll have finished this book

• You'll have studied the English tenses

• She'll have cooked dinner

• He'll have arrived

• 
  

• 
  

Form

The future perfect is composed of two elements

the simple future of the verb "to have" (will have) + the past participle of the main verb

To arrive, future perfect tense

Function

The future perfect tense refers to a completed action in the future. When we use this tense we are projecting ourselves forward into the future and looking back at an action that will be completed some time later than now. It is most often used with a time expression.

• I will have been here for six months on June 23rd.

• By the time you read this I will have left.

• You will have finished your report by this time next week.

• Won't they have arrived by 5:00?

Multiple Choice

I bet the baby will have ______ asleep by the time we get home.

• fallen

• felled

• falling

Multiple Choice

Mary _____ have ______ on vacation this time next year.

• will, gone

• will, goed

• will, going

Multiple Choice

By next summer, they will have ____ that bridge.

• built

• builded

• build

Multiple Choice

Will Rosie ________ our class by April?

• have joined

• has joined

• have join

Multiple Choice

I _______ my diet.

• will have started

• have starting

• will has started

Multiple Choice

She will have _____ the table by the time we arrive.

• set

• setting

• sets

Multiple Choice

By 5 p.m., I _________ all my cooking.

• will have finished

• will has finished

• will have finishing

Multiple Choice

By 2050, I think schools will have _____ and everything will be ______ online.

• closed, taught

• closing, teached

• closed, learning

Multiple Choice

_____ you have made my cake by then?

• Will

• How

• When

COMPOUND WORDS: Two words together or separated to form one new word.

OPEN FORM

• FULL MOON

• LIVING ROOMI

• ICE CREAM

• HOT DOG

• MEMORY STICK

• RADIO STATION

CLOSE FORM

• BASEBALL

• RAINFALL

• MOONLIGHT

• SOMETIMES

• JIGSAW

• 
  

Hyphanated words

• Self -service

• well-to-do

• queen-size

• close up

• father-in-law

Compound adjectives

• hard-working

• five-minute

• time-saving

• part-time

• English-speaking

Common

• grandmother

• boyfriend

• notebook

• dishwasher

• 
  

Multiple Choice

Which compound noun can you form with LIGHT?

• measure
• switch
• ball
• opener

Multiple Choice

Which compound noun can you form with BASE?

• clock
• stick
• ball
• brush

Multiple Choice

Which compound noun can you form with ALARM?

• clock
• opener
• measure
• brush

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE?
Compound words may be written separately, with a hyphen (-).

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE?
Compound words are ALWAYS written separately.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Which is a compound word?

• afternoon

• telephone

• snowing

• animals

Multiple Choice

Which is a compound word?

• afternoon

• telephone

• snowing

• animals

Mixed Conditionals

Sometimes unreal conditional sentences are mixed. This means that the time in the if-clause is not the same as the time in the result. Study the examples below to learn how to mix conditional verb forms like a native speaker.

• If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.But I didn't win the lottery in the past and I am not rich now.

• If I had taken French in high school, I would have more job opportunities. But I didn't take French in high school and I don't have many job opportunities.

• If she had been born in the United States, she wouldn't need a visa to work here.But she wasn't born in the United States and she does need a visa now to work here.

IF MICHAEL HAD ARRIVER EARLIER. HE WOULD HAVE PARTICIPATED IN THE MEETING

Did he arrive early?

WHAT COMBINATIONS OF WORDS DO I NEED?

• IF I HAD...

• WOULD HAVE...

• IF HAD NOT........

• I WOULD HAVE NOT..

Multiple Choice

Sveta would be moving to Italy next week if she __ (get) the position.

• had got

• have got

• would got

• got

Multiple Choice

If I ________ this task, I would have gone to the cinema

• don't have to

• didn't have to

• hadn't had to

• hadn't have to

Multiple Choice

If we __________ the lottery last night, we'd be rich.

• won

• 'd won

• would won

• would have won

Multiple Choice

You ______ so tired if you'd gone to bed earlier.

• are

• wouldn't be

• won't be

• aren't

Multiple Choice

If they _________ so much, they wouldn't feel ill now.

• hadn't eaten

• wouldn't eaten

• had eaten

• would eaten

Multiple Choice

If I _______ him, I wouldn't have quit my job until I'd found another.

• am

• were

• would be

• had be

Multiple Choice

They ______ gone for a walk if it wasn't raining.

• would

• would have

• will

• had

Multiple Choice

If I ___________ this homework to do, I would have gone out with my friends.

• didn't have

• don't have

• hadn't had

• hadn't have