Functional Groups

Functional Groups

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Functional groups and homologous series

• A functional group is an atom or group of atoms responsible for the typical chemical reactions of a molecule.

Functional groups and homologous series

• A homologous series is a group of molecules with the same functional group but a different number of –CH2 groups.

• Functional groups determine the pattern of reactivity of a homologous series, whereas the carbon chain length determines physical properties such as melting/boiling points.

Homologous series and general formulae

• The general formula of a homologous series can be used to calculate the molecular formula of any member of the series by substituting n for the number of carbon atoms.

Homologous series and general formulae

• For example, the general formula of a halogenoalkane is C_nH_2n+1X, where X is a halogen.

Multiple Choice

What is a functional group?

• Group of atoms that give specific characteristics to a molecule

• Group of molecules that give specific characteristics to an atom

• Group of molecules that make up a group of atoms

• Group of atoms that give specific characteristics to an element

Multiple Choice

What is a homologous series?

• Group of molecules with the same functional group but a different number of –CH₂ groups.

• Group of molecules that give specific characteristics to an atom

• Group of molecules that make up a group of atoms

• Group of atoms that give specific characteristics to an element

Multiple Choice

Which of the following elements must be present in any organic compound?

• Carbon
• Oxygen
• Potassium
• Hydrogen

Multiple Choice

What side group does this benzene ring have on it?

• carbonyl group
• methyl group
• nitro group
• ethyl group

Multiple Choice

Classify the compound based on the functional group present.

• alkane

• alkene

• alkyne

• aromatic

Multiple Choice

Classify the compound based on the functional group present.

• alkane
• alkene
• alkyne
• aromatic

Multiple Choice

Classify the compound based on the functional group present.

• alkane
• alkene
• haloalkane
• haloalkene

Multiple Choice

Classify the compound based on the functional group present.

• alkane

• alkene

• alkyne

• aromatic

Multiple Choice

Alkenes are identified by a chain containing:

• a diamond
• a double bond
• a single bond
• a triple bond

Multiple Choice

What functional group is shown?

• amino

• hydroxyl

• carboxyl

• sulfhydryl

Multiple Choice

• sulfhydryl

• hydroxyl

• amino

• phosphate

Multiple Choice

What functional group is shown?

• carbonyl

• hydroxyl

• carboxyl

• amino

Multiple Choice

What functional group is shown?

• carboxyl

• carbonyl

• hydroxyl

• amino