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Conditionals review 8th

Let's review different types of conditionals!

Zero conditional questions

Example:

Q: (not / rain / the flowers / die)

A: If it doesn’t rain, the flowers die.

Open Ended

(I / wake up late / I / be late for work)

Open Ended

(my husband / cook / he / burn the food)

Open Ended

(Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)

Open Ended

(children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)

Open Ended

(children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)

Zero conditional

We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'): If + present simple, .... present simple.

This conditional is used when the result will always happen. So, if water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils. It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause.

The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when' without changing the meaning.

Examples

If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.

 If I eat peanuts, I am sick.

If people eat too much, they get fat.

If you touch a fire, you get burned.

If babies are hungry, they cry.

First Conditional Questions

Example:

Q: If I _____ (go) out tonight, I _____ (go) to the cinema.

A: If I go out tonight, I'll go to the cinema.

Open Ended

If you ____ (get) back late, I _____(be) angry.

Open Ended

If we ____ (not/see) each other tomorrow, we _____(see) each other next week.

Open Ended

If he _____ (come), I _____ (be) surprised.

Open Ended

If we _____ (eat) all this cake, we _____ (feel) sick.

Open Ended

If you _____ (not/want) to go out, I _____ (cook) dinner at home.

First Conditional

The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in the other clause:

if + present simple, ... will + infinitive

It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.

Examples

If it rains, I won't go to the park.

If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.

If I have enough money,I'll buy some new shoes.

She'll be late if the train is delayed.

She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.

If I see her, I'll tell her.

First vs. Zero Conditional:

The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas the zero conditional describes what happens in general.

For example (zero conditional): if you sit in the sun, you get burned (here I'm talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the burning is a natural consequence of the sitting)

But (first conditional): if you sit in the sun, you'll get burned (here I'm talking about what will happen today, another day might be different)

Second Conditional Exercises

Example 

Q: If I _____ (be) you, I _____ (get) a new job.

A: If I were you, I'd get a new job.

Open Ended

If he _____ (be) younger, he _____ (travel) more.

Open Ended

If I _____(have) enough money, I _____ (buy) a big house.

Open Ended

If I _____ (speak) perfect English, I _____ (have) a good job.

Open Ended

If she _____ (pass) the exam, she _____ (be) able to enter university.

Open Ended

They _____ (go) to Spain on holiday if they _____ (like) hot weather.

Second Conditional

The second conditional uses the past simple after if, then 'would' and the infinitive:

if + past simple, ...would + infinitive

(We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and 'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in formal writing).

It has two uses.

First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example.

Examples

If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.

If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.

She would travel all over the world if she were rich.

She would pass the exam if she ever studied.

Second conditional (continued)

Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear?

Examples

If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).

If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.

Third Conditional Questions

Example:

Q: If you _____ (not/be) late, we _____ (not/miss) the bus.

A: If you hadn't been late, we wouldn't have missed the bus.

Open Ended

If we _____ (arrive) earlier, we _____ (see) John.

Open Ended

If they _____ (go) to bed early, they (not/wake) up late.

Open Ended

If she _____ (go) to art school, she _____ (become) a painter.

Open Ended

If I _____ (be) born in a different country, I _____ (learn) to speak a different language.

Open Ended

They _____ (be) late if they _____ (not/take) a taxi.

Third Conditional

We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence:

if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle

It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.

Examples

If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)

If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).

If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane.

She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.