8.8A Components of the Universe, H-R Diagram Review

8.8A Components of the Universe, H-R Diagram Review

Components of the Universe, H-R Diagrams

• We will describe components of the universe, including stars, nebulae, and galaxies, and use models such as the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram for classification by viewing the Quizizz slides.

• I will describe components of the universe, including stars, nebulae, and galaxies, and use models such as the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram for classification by answering questions with 100% accuracy.

Multiple Choice

Two stars are identified on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram below.

Based on this diagram, how do the characteristics of Star 1 and Star 2 compare?

• Star 1 is cooler and less bright than Star 2

• Star 1 is hotter and brighter than Star 2

• Star 1 is cooler and brighter than Star 2

• Star 1 is hotter and less bright than Star 2

Multiple Choice

Star brightness is defined in terms of apparent magnitude. Apparent magnitude is how bright the star appears from Earth.

How does the brightness of white dwarfs compare to the brightness of the Sun?

• The Sun is less bright than white dwarfs.

• White dwarfs are less bright than the Sun

• White dwarfs and the Sun have the same brightness

• White dwarfs are not seen from Earth, therefore you can not compare the brightness.

Multiple Choice

The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram is used to classify stars in terms of luminosity and temperature. Brighter stars are shown at the top of the diagram, while fainter stars are shown in the lower part of the diagram. Stars on the left side of the diagram are hotter than stars on the right side of the diagram.

Which of the following statements best describes the main sequence stars?

• The main sequence stars are brighter than the White Dwarfs. The very hot, extremely small stars are located in group D.

• The main sequence stars are located in group B. The main sequence stars are much brighter than the Giants located in group C.

• The main sequence stars are located in group D. Main sequence stars trend from extremely bright stars in the lower right corner to cool, faint stars in the upper left corner of the diagram. The Sun is an example of a main sequence star.

• The main sequence stars are located in group A. These stars trend from cool, faint stars in the lower right corner to hot, extremely bright stars in the upper left corner of the diagram. The Sun is an example of a main sequence star.

Multiple Choice

Our Sun is one of the many stars that has been classified as average. Its luminosity and its temperature place it in the middle of the ___ area of the H-R diagram.

• Main Sequence

• White Dwarf

• Red Giant

• Super giant

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, which of these types of stars has the greatest luminosity?

• Hot white dwarf

• Hot main sequence star

• Cool super giant

• Cool giant

Multiple Choice

Most of the stars in the universe fit onto one of the four areas on this Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

Which area of the diagram represents the Supergiants?

• Area M

• Area X

• Area P

• Area Z

Multiple Choice

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows how the sun is classified among the stars.

A star that is several thousand times brighter than the sun with a temperature lower than 4,000 K would be classified as __________.

• a main-sequenced star in spectral class B

• a supergiant in spectral class K

• a main-sequence star in spectral class K or M

• a white dwarf in spectral class B

Multiple Choice

Stars are classified on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram according to their absolute magnitude and their surface temperatures at a given time in a star’s life cycle. What classification would a star have if it was very hot and very bright?

• Main Sequence

• White Dwarf

• Supergiant

• Giant

Multiple Choice

Most of the space in the universe is empty. Part of the reason for the emptiness of space is that the matter in the universe is gravitationally attracted to other pieces of matter. Most matter in the universe gets pulled into one of the many massive systems held together by the gravitational pull of black holes. These massive systems can be millions of light-years wide and contain millions of stars and planets.

What do scientists call these massive systems?

• Solar Systems

• Nebulae

• Galaxies

• Planetary Systems

Multiple Choice

Which of these correctly compares the masses of different objects in the universe?

• A moon has less mass than a star and more mass than the planet it orbits.

• A planet has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than the star it orbits.

• A galaxy has less mass than a moon and more mass than a planet.

• A star has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than a planet.

Multiple Choice

Four students are asked to describe a nebula and a star. Their responses are shown in the table below.

Which student described these two celestial bodies correctly?

• Student 1

• Student 2

• Student 3

• Student 4

Multiple Choice

are below.

Which student has the most accurate description of both nebulae and galaxies?

• Student A

• Student B

• Student C

• Student D

Multiple Choice

The universe has many different components. Which list places four components of the universe in the most likely order from smallest to largest?

• Planets, stars, galaxies, nebulae

• Nebulae, stars, planets, galaxies

• Galaxies, stars, planets, nebulae

• Planets, stars, nebulae, galaxies

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes a galaxy?

• A cloud of gas that is the birthplace of stars

• A system of billions of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.

• A ball of plasma that experiences nuclear fusion in its core.

• A mass of dust and ice that orbits a star in an elliptical patteren

Multiple Choice

Which of these correctly identifies the different objects in the universe according to their size and composition?

• A nebula is larger than a galaxy.

• A solar system contains many stars.

• A galaxy contains many solar systems.

• A galaxy is bigger than a universe.