Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases

What do you think an acid tastes like?

Properties of an acid

• 1. Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour taste

• 2. Acids change the color of acid-base indicators

• 3.Some acids react with active emtals release hydrogen gas

• 4. Acids react with bases to produce salts and water

• 5. Acids conduct electric current

Naming Acids-Binary

• Binary acid- contains hydrogen and one of the more electornegatic elements- HF, HCl, HBr, HI, H₂S

• Rule 1: The name of a binary acid begins with the prefix hydro-

• Rule 2: The root of the name of the second element follows this prefix

• Rule 3: The name then ends with the suffix -ic

Naming Acids- Oxyacids

• Oxyacid- acid that is a compound of hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element-usually a nonmetal

• Rules are on your paper

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Properties of bases

• 1.Aqueous Solutions of bases taste bitter

• 2. Bases change the color of acid-base indicators

• 3. Dilute aqueous solutions of bases feel slippery

• 4. Bases react with acids to produce salts and water

• 5. Bases conduct electric current

Acid vs. Base

• Strong Acid -one that ionizes completely in aqueous solution

• Weak acid- releases few hydrogen ions in aqueous solution

• Strong Base- dissociates completely in aqueous solutions

• Weak base- adds few hydroxide ions to the solution

• Acids are most often molecular compounds and Bases are most often ionic compounds