Unit 8 Review

Unit 8 Review

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The Roaring 20s

• Called this because of the rapid advancement of the economy and growth of consumer culture.

• There was, however, a growing gap between the rich and poor (similar to the Gilded Age)

• During this time: Harlem Renaissance occurs, Prohibition is ignored in many parts of society, jazz music becomes popular, etc.

Multiple Choice

The 1920s are often called the Roaring Twenties because the decade was noted for

• political reform

• economic depression

• social and economic changes

• ending Prohibition

The Harlem Renaissance was a flourishing and celebration of African American culture (jazz, art, literature, theatre, etc.) that began in Harlem and spread throughout Northern cities

• Began following the Great Migration

• Key figures include: Langston Hughes, Duke Ellington, Zora Neale Hurston, Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith,

Multiple Choice

Langston Hughes and Duke Ellington are noted for their contributions to the cultural movement of the 1920s known as the

• Gospel of Wealth

• Lost Generation

• Harlem Renaissance

• Gilded Age

Multiple Choice

The Harlem Renaissance was important to American society because it

• highlighted the cultural achievements of African Americans

• isolated African Americans from mainstream society

• provided new political opportunities for African Americans

• brought an end to racial segregation in the North

Multiple Choice

Which pair of events shows a correct cause and effect relationship?

• Increase in organized crime - adoption of Prohibition

• Great Migration - Harlem Renaissance

• Mexican War - Trail of Tears

• Great Depression - World War I

Causes of the Great Depression

• Buying Stock on Margin

• Overproduction of Goods and Farm Products

• Excessive Credit

• Banks made risky loans

• Immediate Cause: Stock Market Crash of 1929

Multiple Choice

Which situation helped cause the stock market crash of 1929?

• excessive speculation and buying on margin

• unwillingness of people to invest in new industries

• increased government spending

• too much government regulation of business

Multiple Choice

What was one cause of the stock market crash of 1929 and the Great Depression that followed?

• Costs associated with World War I had bankrupted the economy

• Speculators had purchased shares of stock on margin with borrowed funds

• Federal tax cuts had caused high inflation

• Low farm productions weakened banks

Multiple Choice

Which economic condition was a major cause of the Great Depression?

• high wages of industrial workers

• deficit spending by the federal government

• inability of industry to produce enough consumer goods

• uneven distribution of income between the rich and poor

Over-farming

Outdated farming techniques

Man-Made

Drought

Natural

What were the natural and man made causes of the Dust Bowl

Multiple Choice

During the 1930s, poor land management and

severe drought conditions across parts of the

Midwest resulted in the

• development of Dust Bowl conditions on the

  Great Plains

• growth of the Granger movement

• creation of wheat surpluses

• formation of the United States Department

  of Agriculture

Hoover opposed direct government action during the Great Depression

• People nicknamed shantytowns "Hoovervilles"

• Newspapers "Hoover blankets" - used by homeless to keep warm at night

• Turned-out pockets nicknamed "Hoover flags"

Multiple Choice

In the 1930s, shantytowns, often called “Hoovervilles,” sprang up across the United States because of President Herbert Hoover’s

• support for federal programs to provide jobs for the unemployed

• refusal to provide direct federal aid to the homeless

• efforts to help the residents return to their farms

• emergency relief program to provide food to the poor

In contrast - FDR wanted direct action

• The New Deal was designed to provide the Three Rs - relief, recovery and reform

Multiple Choice

Which statement best illustrates a basic idea of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal?

• Communism provides the only real solution to economic problems.

• Unemployed workers should rely on the states rather than on the federal government for help.

• The United States reached its economic peak in the 1920s and is now a declining industrial

  power.

• The economy sometimes needs public money to encourage business activity.

Multiple Choice

Much of the domestic legislation of the New

Deal period was based on the idea that the federal government should

• favor big business over labor and farming

• assume some responsibility for the welfare of people

• own and operate the major industries of the country

• require local communities to be responsible for social welfare programs

What is the New Deal? What is the purpose of the New Deal

The New Deal is Roosevelt's plan to combat the Great Depression

Purpose

Relief - provide aid to those who need it (CCC)

Recovery - to get over (or recover) from the Great Depression (WPA, TVA)

Reform - make changes to prevent it from happening again (FDIC)

Multiple Choice

What was a guiding principle of the New Deal

economic policies?

• Pro-business tax breaks would solve the

  problems associated with urban poverty.

• Antitrust legislation would destroy the free

  market economy of the United States.

• Rugged individualism must be allowed to

  solve social inequality.

• Government must assume more responsibility

  for helping the poor

Multiple Choice

The New Deal changed American political

thinking because it was based on the principle

that the

• economy will fix itself if left alone

• federal government should attempt to solve

  social and economic problems

• political parties must work together to deal

  with national problems

• states should take a leadership position in

  solving social issues

The Supreme Court declared some New Deal Programs unconstitutional

• FDR responded by proposing a plan where a President could add justices to the court for every judge older than 70.5 who didn't retire.

• He was widely criticized for trying to undermine checks and balances and separation of powers and his plan was never passed.

Multiple Choice

Which action by President Franklin D. Roosevelt challenged the principle of checks and balances?

• frequently vetoing New Deal legislation

• trying to increase the number of justices on

  the Supreme Court

• taking over the Senate’s treaty ratification power

• desegregating defense industries