AP Review: Stats

Open Ended

A researcher is comparing AP exam scores for those who use AP Classroom and those who don't. Those that use AP classroom have a mean of 3.8; those who do not have a mean of 2.9.

Describe what the mean indicates for the AP classroom and non-AP classroom groups.

Multiple Choice

3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 50 - Which measure of central tendency is most appropriate?

• mean

• median

• mode

Multiple Choice

A basketball player scores 42 points in one game, far above their season average of 18 points per game. In the next game, the player scores 20 points.

Which of the following best explains this outcome?

• The player lost motivation after the first game.

• The player experienced regression toward the mean.

• The player’s coach used negative reinforcement.

• The first game proved the player’s true skill level had permanently improved.

Multiple Choice

This is an example of

• Positive Skew

• Negative Skew

• Positive Correlation

• Negative Correlation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the STRONGEST NEGATIVE correlation coefficient?

• -100

• -1.00

• 0

• +1.00

Open Ended

A researcher is investigating whether sleep quality and GPA are related. He found r = .42.

Describe the meaning of r=.42.

Multiple Choice

A psychologist surveys 200 high school students about the number of hours they sleep each night and the number of caffeine drinks they consume each day. The results show a correlation of –0.68 between sleep and caffeine consumption.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the data?

• Students who sleep more tend to consume fewer caffeinated drinks.

• Drinking caffeine causes students to sleep less.

• Students who sleep less are always heavy caffeine users.

• Increasing sleep will automatically reduce caffeine consumption.

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following measures can be precisely located on the graph of a skewed distribution without doing any calculations?

• Mode

• Median

• Mean

• Standard deviation

Multiple Choice

Type of Data arrangement

• Symmetrical

• Uniform

• Positive Skew

• Negative Skew

Multiple Choice

Describe the data distribution shape of the graph.

• Positive skew

• Negative Skew

• Uniform

• Symmetrical

Multiple Choice

A researcher tests whether listening to music while studying improves test performance. Students who studied with music scored slightly higher than students who studied in silence, but the results were not statistically significant.

Which of the following is the best conclusion?

• Music definitely has no effect on studying.

• The difference in scores may have occurred by chance.

• The hypothesis was proven correct.

• The independent variable was invalid.

Open Ended

A researcher is investigating a new exercise program and its affect on cholesterol. She finds a p value of .02.

Explain the p value of .02.

Multiple Choice

Two therapies for reducing stress are compared in a study. The results are statistically significant, but the effect size is very small (.18).

Which of the following is the best interpretation?

• The therapies had no measurable impact on stress.

• The results were caused entirely by experimenter bias.

• The difference between the therapies was real but relatively small in practical importance.

• The study failed because the sample size was too large.

Multiple Choice

Scientific claims must be falsifiable. That means that...

• It must be based on personal beliefs.
• It can only be proven true.
• It should remain untestable.
• It can be tested and potentially proven false.

Multiple Choice

Which type of data involves using numbers?

• Qualitative

• Specific

• Quantitative

• Constant

Multiple Choice

What is the importance of peer review?

• A scientist has proven their hypothesis

• Peer reviewed authors publish often

• A study's results have been checked by other scientists

• Multiple authors show that many agree with you