Water Usage and Management

Water Usage and Management

Let's review water treatment....

Before we begin our lesson!

Multiple Choice

During this step of the drinking water treatment process, chemicals are added to the water to make dissolved solids clump together.

• filtration

• sedimentation

• coagulation

• disinfection

Multiple Choice

During this step of the drinking water treatment process, dissolved particles clump together and sink to the bottom.

• filtration

• sedimentation

• coagulation

• disinfection

Multiple Choice

During this step of the drinking water treatment process, water is passed through sand and gravel filters.

• filtration

• sedimentation

• coagulation

• disinfection

Multiple Choice

During this step of the drinking water treatment process, chlorine is added to the water to kill pathogens.

• filtration

• sedimentation

• coagulation

• disinfection

Multiple Choice

Gray water comes from:

• the sink

• the toilet

Multiple Choice

Black water comes from:

• the sink

• the toilet

Multiple Choice

Wastewater treatment involves:

• screening

• sludge removal

• disinfection

• all of the above

How and where do we use water?

The Three Sectors of Water Usage

Global Water Usage

-In the world, 69% of the water used is for Agriculture.

-23% of the water used is for Industry.

-8% of the fresh water used is for domestic use.

Multiple Choice

Which sector uses the most water?

• Industry

• Agriculture

• Residential

Residential Water Usage

• Domestic water use depends on environment and culture.

• The average person in the US uses 300L or 80 gal of water a day.

• The average person in India uses only 41 L per day.

Industrial Water Use

• Industry accounts for 19% of water use.

  -Manufacturing goods

  -Waste disposal

  -Power generation

• *Most water in industry is used to cool power plants

Power Plant Cooling Systems

• 1.Water is pumped from river or lake.

  2.Water runs through pipes in cooling tower.

  3.Water is pumped back into lake or river.

• *Water is warmer than before, but usually clean. (Thermal Pollution)

Water for Power Plant Cooling | Union of Concerned ScientistsPodcast_logo_final

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Multiple Choice

Water that is used in industry, is used for:

• generating power

• manufacturing goods

• disposing of waste

• all of the above

Agricultural Water Use

• Accounts for 67% of water use in world.

  
  

• 80 % of water used in agriculture evaporates and never reaches plant roots.

• Irrigation: providing plants with water from sources other than direct precipitation.

  -Shallow water-filled ditches.

  -High-pressure, over-head sprinklers.

Multiple Choice

Much of the water used in agriculture:

• is consumed by livestock

• is delivered directly to the plant

• evaporates

How do we manage and divert water?

Water Management Projects

• Goals: bringing water in to make a dry area habitable, creating a reservoir for recreation or drinking water, or generating electric power.

Water Diversion Project

• Rivers diverted into canals that carry water to dry regions.

  
  

• Colorado river is diverted for irrigation and drinking water in Arizona, Utah, and California.

Open Ended

What is the general goal of water management and water diversion projects?

Dams and Reservoirs

• Dam: structure built across a river to control its flow.

  -Used to generate electrical energy. 20% of world’s energy is generated by hydroelectric dams.

  
  

• Reservoir: formed behind a dam.

  -Water can be used for flood control, drinking water, irrigation, recreation and industry.

Dangers of Dams

• Harm river ecosystems: cause nutrients to be trapped on one side of the dam.

• Displace ecosystems

• Fail (may burst and flooding can occur)

WATER CONSERVATION

• As water sources become depleted, water becomes more expensive.

  
  

Water Conservation in Agriculture

• Water Conservation in Agriculture: water is lost through evaporation, seepage, and run-off. 

  •Solution: Drip Irrigation-water is delivered directly to plant roots.

Water Conservation in Industry

• Recycling of cooling water and wastewater. 

• Cities bring in small business to institute water conservation projects.

Solutions for the Future

• Desalination: removing salt from salt water.

• Transporting Water: water transported from other regions.

  -Water transported in huge plastic bags to dry places.

Open Ended

Describe one method of water conservation that can be employed in the agricultural, industrial, or residential sector.

Open Ended

Discuss one thing you have learned from this lesson.