Greek Thinkers

Greek Thinkers

Mr. Mains

Objectives

• Understand the beliefs of various Greek thinkers and contributors in the fields of philosophy, math and science

• As we go through this Quizizz, start thinking about which philosopher that you are drawn to the most. You will be responding to a question about this at the end of the lesson and I will be randomly choosing people to tell me their thoughts and why.

Multiple Choice

What do you think the term "philosophy" means?

• "the circle of rebirth"

• "I know all, I see all"

• "love of wisdom"

• "smarty pants"

Socrates (469BC-399BC)

• was Plato's teacher

• Left no writings so all work came from his students

• Socratic Method: forced pupils to ask questions, use reason but think things through for themselves

• Believed that knowledge was within each person

Socrates' criticisms & death

• Overall, his spirit reflected his agenda to question every assumption about life in general.

• Leaders felt his viewpoints were encouraging rebellion and was teaching to revolt against the state (anti-democratic)

• Found guilty by a jury & sentenced to die

• His sentence was to die by poison

Multiple Choice

Super hard question: What was the type of poison that he took?

• mercury

• hemlock

• nightshade

• mandrake

Plato: 427BC-347BC

• Expanded on Socrates' work

• Believed that people can't live a honorable life with a corrupt gov

• Wrote the Republic: 3 groups

• 1) those who used logic/wisdom; 2) those that defended state from attack; 3) everyone else who are driven by desire

• Cause of death is unknown (80 yrs old)

Aristotle: 384BC-322BC

• Student of Plato

• 3 Good Govs: Democracy, Monarchy, Aristocracy

• 3 Bad Govs: Tyranny, Oligarchy, Mob Rule

• Used similarities and differences

• "Golden mean": nothing in excess

• Died of stomach disease

Multiple Choice

Which of these philosophers taught Alexander the Great?

• Socrates

• Plato

• Aristotle

Thales of Miletus

• 636BC-546BC

• Studied math/science from Egyptians & Babylonians

• Questioned what life was made up

• Began to challenge superstition & favor science

• Saw water as the basis of life

• Got rich by developing olive presses

Multiple Choice

Thales was very focused on explaining things using science. Why was this especially troublesome for the Ancient Greeks?

• because they were always fighting with each other

• because they were more focused on food

• because this went against the belief of the gods

Pythagoras

• 582BC-500BC

• Universe could be understood through numbers

• Pythagorean Theorem-find a side of triangle with a right triangle

• Believed to have god-like powers

• First to propose that thought processes were in the brain & not the heart

• Believed planets rotate around "central fire"

Multiple Choice

Pythagoras overall believed that everything can be broken down and explained using mathematical terms or numbers

• True

• False

Protagoras

• 485BC-410BC

• Using reason=happy/safe life

• Success in life=1) public speaking; 2) political knowledge; 3) grammar/language; 4) being respectful

• "Who is to blame for an athlete accidentally dying by javelin?"

• 1) Athlete? 2) Javelin? 3) Those who held the event?

Multiple Choice

Protagoras believed that in order for one to have success in life, they need to have 4 main skills. Which of the following is NOT one of those skills?

• being respectful

• knowing how to fight

• public speaking

• grammar/language

• political knowledge

Multiple Choice

Our next thinker was Hippocrates. He developed the famous Hippocratic Oath. This is currently an oath that is taken by a person in what field?

• law

• medicine

• sports

• teaching

Hippocrates

• 460BC-377BC

• Founded school of medicine (Caduceus staff of Hermes)

• Rejected that sickness comes from the gods

• Symptoms: Acute or Chronic?

• Believed in holistic/nature cures

• Hippocratic Oath: uphold ethical standards

Democritus

• 460BC-370BC

• First to develop atomic theory

• All matter consists of atoms; atoms are indestructible; atoms are solid but invincible; atoms vary in size/shape/position

• The universe was formed out of chaos through the joining of atoms of similar size & shape

• "Laughing Philosopher"-laughed & mocked the foolishness of people

Multiple Choice

Democritus' Atomic Theory influenced scientists such as John Dalton, Albert Einstein and Werner Heisenberg

• True

• False

Euclid

• 300BC???

• Prominent mathmatician

• Wrote "The Elements"-used until 1903 & only the Bible has more translations, publications & study

• Consists of definitions & theorems surrounding geometry

Open Ended

Other than doing problems in school, how can geometry be applied in the "real world"???

Archimedes

• 287BC-212BC

• Mathematician who built off of the ideas of Euclid

• Theory of buoyancy (floating)

• Law of the lever

• War machines & Archimedean screw

Multiple Choice

Based upon what you know already, which of the following inventions do you think was NOT developed by Archimedes?

• the odometer (measuring speed)

• the catapult

• planetarium

• gunpowder

Review

• All of these Greek thinkers made huge strides in the fields of science, math and philosophy

• Every Greek thinker has made a contribution to our world that has impacted us today

• Each Greek thinker was seen as unique and often "odd" because they were thinking outside of the norm and contrary to what society "thought" was right

Open Ended

Which of the philosophers/thinkers are you drawn to and why? Be sure to actually give a response to why. I am going to be randomly choosing some people to explain who they chose and why.

Your task:

• Be sure to turn in any missing Edpuzzles or the Constellation assignment if you haven't completed it already

• The next Progress report is on Friday April 28th