Geography Notes

Geography Notes

Studying Geography

 $\cdot$  When studying geography we have to look at 2 different kinds of information or pictures
  -Maps
    *Maps are flat drawings of Earth's surface
   *The purpose of a map is to be able to see earth's landforms over different distances
  -Globes
   *Globes are 3D models of the Earth's surface to show landforms at a smaller scale

Poll

Which do you think is easier to use?

• Map

• Globe

Dividing the Earth

 $\cdot$  The Earth is dividing into different section using imaginary lines
  -We use the terms latitude and longitude to identify were these lines are.
Latitude: the distance north or south of the equator measured in degrees.
Longitude: distance measured in degrees east or west of the prime meridian 
  -The Equator lines at 0 degrees Latitude 
   *This line divides the earth into a Northern and Southern Hemispheres
  -The Prime Meridian divides the earth at 0 degrees Longitude

   *This line divides the earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

Multiple Choice

Which imaginary line cuts the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

• Equator

• Prime Meridian

Multiple Choice

What imaginary lines are measured in degrees and move right and left along the earth?

• Latitude

• Longitude

Continents and Oceans 

 $\cdot$  There are 7 continents on earth's surface
  -North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Antarctica &Australia
Continent: a large body of land on Earth

 $\cdot$  There are 5 Oceans on the earth's surface
  - Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, Indian and Southern Ocean

Multiple Choice

What Continent do we live on?

• South America

• Europe

• North America

• Africa

• Asia

Multiple Choice

According to the picture, What ocean is closet to Ohio?

• Indian Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Artic Ocean

• Southern Ocean

The Americas

 $\cdot$  North America
  -the North American continent is located in the Western and Northern Hemispheres 
   *When you are looking at a flat map you will find North America is in the top left corner of the map which is the Northwest corner.
 $\cdot$  South America
  -the South American continent is located in the Western and Southern Hemispheres 
   *When you are looking at a flat map you will find South America is in the bottom left corner of the map which is the Southwest corner.

Multiple Choice

Which hemisphere includes both North and South America

• Northern Hempisphere

• Southern Hemisphere

• Western Hemisphere

• Eastern Hemisphere

Eurasia

 $\cdot$  Eurasia is made up of 2 continents
  -Europe is made up of many counties including
   *England, France, Germany, Spain, Italy and Greece
  -Asia is the largest continent in the world and is made up of the following countries
   *Asia, Russia, India, and Middle East

Multiple Choice

What is the largest continent?

• North America

• Africa

• Asia

• Australia

Other Continents

 $\cdot$  Africa, Australia and Antarctica
   -these continents are part of the Eastern Hemisphere and have long histories as civilizations 
   *The equator and Prime Meridian go through each of these continents 

Multiple Choice

How many continents did you learn about?

• 2

• 3

• 5

• 7