20-21 Robotics Content Review

20-21 Robotics Content Review

Part I

Multiple Choice

Which generation focused on logical reasoning and more sophisticated sensors.

• Generation I First Manipulators (1950-1967)

• Generation II : Sensorized Robots (1968-1977)

• Generation III : Industrial Robots (1978 -1999)

• Generation IV : Intelligent Robots (2000 - 2017)

Multiple Choice

The first robot in America was developed for General Motors.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Robots first became useful in ________________.

• Military

• Industry and Factory Work

• Space Exploration

Roller Claws

Roller claws allow game pieces to be picked up with less time aligning the robot, however, they require more time and planning to assemble.

Single-Sided Claw

Single-sided claw or sometimes called a clamping claw is typically assembled with a fixed piece of structural metal and a second piece structural metal attached to a motor/gear system. The side of the claw activated by the motor, opens and closes, clamping the game piece against the fixed piece of structural metal.

Double-Sided Claw

Custom assembled double-sided claws typically have an even number of gears setup to move the two sides of the claw.

Multiple Choice

These are typically assembled using Wheels, Intake Rollers, or Tank Treads. _________ function by spinning their rollers and having game pieces pulled into the claw. Then the rollers can be reversed, pushing them out.

• Single-Sided Claw

• Double-Sided Claw

• Roller Claws

Multiple Choice

One side of the claw will be attached to the first gear in the assembly and the second side of the claw will be attached to the last gear in the assembly, allowing the claw to open and close as the gears are rotated.

• Single-Sided Claw

• Double-Sided Claw

• Roller Claws

Multiple Choice

_______ is typically assembled with a fixed piece of structural metal and a second piece structural metal attached to a motor/gear system. The side of the claw activated by the motor, opens and closes, clamping the game piece against the fixed piece of structural metal.

• Single-Sided Claw

• Double-Sided Claw

• Roller Claws

Types of Passive Claws Plow

Plows are usually attached to the drivetrain and typically their functions are pushing game pieces around and/or keeping the robot from driving up on game pieces and becoming immobile.

Forks and Scoops (types of passive claws)

Forks and scoops are typically attached to an arm and are usually designed to slide under game pieces in order to pick them up. Forks and scoops can be quick and easy to assemble.

Expansion Zone

These expansion zones can be used with drivetrains, which in the extreme case, are sometimes referred to as WallBots. Drivetrain expansion zones can be as simple as a second set of wheels swinging down and locking into place expanding the robot’s footprint and keeping it from falling over when lifting objects.

Game Piece Slides

Game piece slides are usually combined with an active manipulator such as a roller claw, roller intake, or conveyer belt. Typically, an active intake pushes game pieces up the slide. Then the game pieces are scored into a goal by the intake reversing its direction, or it swings out of the way and the game pieces slide out.

Multiple Choice

These are sometimes referred to as WallBots.

• Game Piece Slides

• Forks and Scoops

• Expansion Zones

• Flywheels

The Standard Drivetrain

Standard Drivetrain can be powered by two motors and these motors can be used to directly power the drive wheels or can be part of a gear train which can have multiple drive wheels. The drivetrain can also be designed to have multiple motors and multiple wheels. These variations are sometimes called four-wheel drive, six-wheel drive, etc.

The H Drive 

The H Drive can utilize the 2.75” Onmni-Directional Wheels, the 3.25’’ Omni-Directional Wheels or the 4” Omni-Directional Wheels. However, this type of drivetrain can be pushed sideways by another robot because of the rollers on the Omni-Directional Wheels. The fifth center wheel can also become caught on an obstacle as the robot tries to roll over it.

The Track Drive

The Track Drive is another variation of the Standard Drivetrain uses the Tank Tread Kit instead of wheels. It can easily go over obstacles. However, the Tank Drive lacks the ability to be omni-directional.

Multiple Choice

A design mistake which can be made with ________ is having the fifth center wheel on a different level than the other 4 wheels. This can happen if any of the drivetrain’s drive shafts are not the same distance from the ground as the others. When this design error happens, either the center wheel or the drive wheels lifts the other off the ground.

• Track Drive

• The H Drive

• Standard

• Mecanum

Multiple Choice

The four Omni-Directional Wheels and four motors version can be assembled as this type of drivetrain.

• Track Drive

• The H Drive

• Standard

• Mecanum

• Holonomic