Digestive System Review

Digestive System Review

Essentials of A&P

Multiple Choice

Muscle contraction that keep food moving alone in one direction through the digestive system.

• epiglottis

• nephrons

• peristalsis

• enzymes

Multiple Choice

A disease in which stomach acid goes up into the esophagus causing burning pain and sometimes ulcers.

• celiac disease

• acid reflux

• appendicitus

• diarrhea

Multiple Choice

Acid reflux occurs

• when the cardiac sphincter opens when it shouldn't

• when a heart attack occurs

• when the pyloric sphincter opens when it shouldn't

• all of these are correct

Multiple Choice

What are the contents in your stomach called after mechanical and chemical digestion?

• Bolus

• Chyme

• Food

• Feces

Multiple Choice

What is part "1"?

• Fundus

• Cardia

• Pylorus

• Body

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the purpose of the rugae of the stomach:

• to help trap food to increase the time in which it spends in the stomach

• to increase its ability to expand

• to propel food along

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

How does the stomach protect itself from the hydrochloric acid that it secretes:

• it has a thick layer of stratified squamous cells that are rapidly produced to replace the damaged cells that are exposed to the acid

• it secretes a protective layer of mucous that neutralizes the acid

• it has a specialized membrane of cartilaginous tissue that is immune to the secreted acid

• none of the above

Multiple Select

What is the purpose of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)? Check all that apply

• activate pepsin

• kill bacteria

• chemical breakdown

• mechanical breakdown

Multiple Choice

What enzyme breaks down proteins when it is activated by hydrochloric acid?

• Pepsin

• Pepsinogen

• Pepto Bismol

• Protein

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true regarding the pyloric sphincter:

• it allows food to enter the stomach but closes to prevent regurgitation into the esophagus

• it allows small amounts of chyme into the duodenum

• it extends to a cavity that acts as a holding chamber called the pyloric antrum

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

Chewing food into smaller pieces.

• Mechanical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Water in Saliva dissolving food

• Mechanical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Enzymes breaking down food

• Mechanical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Bumps on the surface of the tongue that provide friction

• Papillae

• Villi

• Rugae

• Fundus

Multiple Choice

What is the lingual frenulum?

• Connects tongue to the floor of the mouth

• Soft projection from the soft palate

• Closes the larynx during swallowing

• Closes off stomach from the esophagus

Multiple Choice

Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

• Amylase

• Pepsin

• Pepsinogen

• Hydrochloric acid

Multiple Choice

Aids in chewing, swallowing, and tasting of food

• Saliva

• Tongue

• Esophagus

• Stomach

Multiple Choice

What are your "adult teeth" called?

• Secondary teeth

• Primary teeth

• Tertiary teeth

Multiple Choice

What type of teeth are "E"?

• Molars

• Premolars

• Incisors

• Canines

Multiple Choice

What kind of teeth are "A"?

• Incisors

• Premolars

• Canines

• Molars

Multiple Choice

What do the molars do?

• Grind food

• Cut

• Grasp and tear food

Multiple Choice

What do the incisors do?

• Cut

• Grind food

• Grasp and tear food

Multiple Choice

What do the incisors do?

• Cut

• Grind food

• Grasp and tear food

Multiple Choice

Which of the following causes cavities?

• plaque

• acid from bacteria

• sugary candy

• proteins on the teeth

Multiple Choice

Swallowing begins when your _________ pushes food to the back of your throat.

• body

• mouth

• tongue

Multiple Choice

A lump of food that you swallow is called a __________.

• bolus

• peristalsis

• alimentary canal

• spittle

Multiple Choice

The passageway that is shared by both the digestive and respiratory system is the....

• larynx

• pharynx

• trachea

• nose

Multiple Choice

What separates the esophagus from the stomach?

• villi

• pyloric sphincter

• rugae

• lower esophageal sphincter

Multiple Choice

The structure that transports the bolus from the pharynx to the stomach it called...

• larynx

• trachea

• esophagus

• pyloric sphincter

Multiple Select

What type of digestion does the esophagus carry out? Check all that apply

• mechanical

• chemical

• no digestion

Multiple Choice

Peristalsis requires the use of

• skeletal muscles

• cardiac muscles

• smooth muscles

• abdominal muscles

Multiple Choice

_____________in your large intestine help break down remaining nutrients and make Vitamin K

• bacteria

• bile

• enzymes

• electrolytes

Multiple Choice

Waste products of digestion, including parts of food still too large, become ___________

• Vitamin K

• feces

• Water

• Food

Multiple Choice

What region is number 1?

• Transverse colon

• Ascending colon

• Descending colon

• Sigmoid colon

Multiple Choice

What region is number 8?

• Ascending colon

• Descending colon

• Transverse colon

• Sigmoid colon

Multiple Choice

Which of the following DOES NOT secrete and combine digestive enzymes with food?

• Small intestine

• Large Intestine

• Stomach

• Mouth

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of villi?

• They move food from the stomach to the small intestine

• They absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

• They absorb water from chyme

• They move food from the small intestine to the large intestine

Multiple Choice

The small intestine measures about _____ feet in length.

• 8

• 30

• 21

• 40

Multiple Choice

Which part of the small intestine joins the large intestine?

• Ileum

• Duodenum

• Jejunum

Multiple Choice

The small intestine is subdivided into three segments. Which of the following is the correct sequence regarding the passage of food through the small intestine?

• Duodenum, ileum, jejunum

• Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

• Jejunum, duodenum, ileum

• Ileum, jejunum, duodenum

Multiple Choice

The majority of the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream occurs in the _______.

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Liver

Multiple Choice

The function of this chemical released by the pancreas is to neutralize acidic chyme entering the duodenum of the small intestine

• bolus

• bile

• bicarbonate

• insulin

Multiple Choice

The endocrine function of the pancreas involves the release of the hormones insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Exocrine cells of the pancreas produce _______

• digestive enzymes

• amylase and pepsinogen

• insulin

• glucagon

Multiple Choice

The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder are known as...

• accessory organs

• the digestive tract

• acid makers

• digestion helpers

Multiple Choice

The gallbladder carries out

• mechanical digestion

• chemical digestion

• Both types of digestion

• Neither type of digestion

Multiple Choice

A muscular sac attached to the liver that stores bile until needed for digestion

• liver

• gallbladder

• urinary bladder

• stomach

Multiple Choice

Bile helps break up _______ into smaller pieces.

• lipids

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

Emulsification is a form of

• mechanical breakdown

• chemical breakdown

• Both mechanical and chemical

Multiple Choice

Emulsification of fats occurs by the action of

• pancreatic juices

• amylase

• bile

• lipases

Multiple Choice

The digestive juice being produced by the liver is called _____________.

• Glucose

• Glycogen

• Bile

• Fats

Multiple Choice

10

• Stomach

• Liver

• Gallbladder

• Pancreas