Topic 3 Review

IB Bio Topic 3 Genetics Review

Covers Topics 3.1 - 3.4 and AHL 10.1

Topic 3.1

Genes

Multiple Select

3.1 - Which statements are characteristics of alleles?

I. Alleles differ significantly in number of base pairs.

II. Alleles are specific forms of a gene.

III. New alleles are formed by mutation

• I

• II

• III

Multiple Choice

3.1 - The specific region of a gene on a chromosome, written in the format of 3p22.1, is called the

• centromere

• p-arm

• chromosome number

• gene locus

Multiple Choice

3.1 - For a mutation to be passed on to one's offspring, the mutation must affect the DNA of a

• somatic cell

• gamete

• somatic cell OR gamete

• somatic cell AND gamete

Multiple Choice

3.1 - A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

• Insertion Mutation

• Translocation

• Silent Mutation

• Deletion Mutation

Multiple Choice

3.1 - Genetic mutations can be...

• beneficial, harmful, or neutral

• beneficial only

• harmful only

• neutral only

Multiple Choice

3.1 - What is the cause of sickle-cell anemia?

• A change to the base sequence of a hemoglobin gene

• Mosquitos acting as the vector for malaria

• Iron deficiency due to the malaria parasite

• Production of more white blood cells than red blood cells by bone marrow

Multiple Choice

3.1 - Which of the following is the cause of sickle-cell anemia?

• Tryptophan is replaced by leucine

• Leucine is replaced by valine

• Glutamic acid is replaced by valine

• Lysine is replaced by glutamic acid

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the correct order from most complex to least complex?

• Genome --> Gene --> Chromosome

• Chromosome --> Gene --> Genome

• Genome --> Chromosome --> Gene

• Chromosome --> Genome --> Gene

Topic 3.2

Chromosomes

Open Ended

3.2 - Distinguish between the structure of the chromosomes of prokaryotes

and eukaryotes.

Multiple Choice

3.2 - If a somatic (body) cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg would contain

• 3

• 6

• 12

• 24

Multiple Choice

3.2 - If the Diploid number of Carrots is 18, the haploid number is

• 18

• 9

• 27

• 36

Multiple Choice

3.2 -What is the same in all parts of homologous chromosomes?

• Base pair sequence

• Alleles

• Sequence of genes

• Deletions

Multiple Choice

3.2 - What is the mutation in this persons chromosomes?

• There is only one X

• 7 is shaped like a hockey stick

• There's an extra 21

• 1 is too curved

Multiple Choice

3.2 - What is the haploid number for this Karyotype?

• 26

• 27

• 52

• 54

Topic 3.3

Meiosis

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of

• one haploid gamete

• three diploid gametes

• four diploid gametes

• four haploid gametes

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Identify the phase.

• Telophase I

• Telophase II

• Metaphase I

• Metaphase II

Multiple Choice

3.3 - After meiosis II the daughter cells will contain ____ chromosomes if the original cell contained 78.

• 78

• 39

• 23

• 46

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Identify the process.

• Mitosis

• Meiosis I

• Meiosis II

• Interphase

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Identify the phase:

• Metaphase I

• Metaphase II

• Anaphase I

• Anaphase II

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Which source of genetic variation is NOT a result of sexual reproduction?

• Crossing over

• Independent assortment (due to random orientation

• Gene mutation

• Random fertilization

Multiple Choice

3.3 - The process of "crossing over" occurs in what phase of meiosis?

• anaphase 1

• prophase 1

• prophase 2

• telophase 2

Multiple Choice

3.3 - The diagram shows the process of crossing over. Which claim about crossing over in chromosomes is best supported by the diagram?

• Crossing over increases genetic diversity through deletion.

• Crossing over decreases genetic diversity through mutation.

• Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of genes.

• Crossing over decreases genetic diversity by inserting nucleotides into gene sequences.

Multiple Choice

3.3 - This law describes how each homologous pair separates independently of any other pairs during Anaphase I of meiosis

• Law of Segregation

• Law of Independent Assortment

• Law of Gravity

• Law of Mathematical Order

Multiple Select

What contributes to genetic variation?

• crossing over

• law of independent assortment

• law of segregation

• gene linkage

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Which of the following is false?

• Results from chorionic villus sampling come faster than from amniocentesis

• Chorionic villus sampling is typically performed later in the pregnancy than amniocentesis

• Ultrasound imaging has no known risk

• The complication rate for chorionic villus sampling is about 2% and for amniocentesis is 1%.

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling allow for ___________ and ____________ of the fetus so that it can be tested for abnormalities.

• imaging...biochemical

• imaging...karyotyping

• karyotyping...biochemical testing

Multiple Choice

3.3 -Testing the amniotic fluid for birth defects.

• Chorionic Villi Sampling

• Ultrasound

• Amniocentesis

• Embryo Test

Multiple Choice

3.3 - What would you call the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis?

• nondisjunction

• anaphase I

• nondiploidy

• karyotype

Multiple Choice

3.3 - When chromosomes fail to separate correctly during anaphase of meiosis, what can occur?

• extra chromosomes are found in the sex cell

• chromosomes of the sex cell are doubled

• chromosomes of the sex cell are halved

• meiosis never completes

Multiple Choice

3.3 - Nondisjunction can result in

• trisomy conditions

• monosomy conditions

• additional sex chromosomes

• all of these

Multiple Choice

3.4 - A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

3.4 - What maximum number of different genotypes and phenotypes are possible among the children of a mother with blood group A and a father with blood group B?

• Genotypes: 2 Phenotypes:2

• Genotypes: 2 Phenotypes:4

• Genotypes: 4 Phenotypes:4

• Genotypes: 4 Phenotypes:2

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Canal is type A and Mr. Canal is type O. They have three children named Greg, Rosalind and Biff. Greg is type 0, Rosalind is type A and Biff is type AB...

What is Mr. Canal's Genotype?

• IᴬIᴬ

• IᴮIᴮ

• IᴬIᴮ

• ii

Multiple Choice

Punnett Square: Type AB father and type O mother. What are the percentages of each offspring?

• Type A: 50%, Type B 0%, Type AB 50%, Type 0 0%

• Type A: 50%, Type B 50%, Type AB 0%, Type 0 0%

• Type A: 25%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type 0 25%

• Type A: 0%, Type B 0%, Type AB 50%, Type 0 50%

Multiple Choice

3.4 - Which individuals are color blind in this Punnett grid?

• XB Y

• XB XB

• Xb Y

• XB Xb

Multiple Choice

What are the genotypes of these flies:

white eyed, male ?

• X ^R X ^r

• X ^R X ^R

• X^r X ^r

• X ^r Y

• X^R Y

Multiple Choice

Muscular dystrophy is a sex-linked recessive disorder. A man with muscular dystrophy marries a woman who doesn’t have this disease. Half of their daughters and half of their sons develop this disease. What is the genotype of the mother?

• X^NX^N

• X^NXⁿ

• Xⁿ

• X^N

Multiple Choice

Colorblindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. A colorblind woman marries a male with normal color vision. What is the percent chance of them having a color blind son?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

When we say that a woman is a carrier for a genetic disease or disorder it means that

• she has 1 gene, but not the disorder
• she has 2 genes for the disorder
• she can pass the gene only to male children
• she can pass the gene only to female children

Multiple Choice

The sex of a child is determined by

• whether the father's sperm contains an x or y chromosome
• whether the mother's egg contains an x or y chromosome
• the age of the parents

Multiple Choice

What are the genotypes of these flies:

red eyed female (heterozygous) ?

• X ^R X ^r

• X ^R X ^R

• X^r X ^r

• X ^r Y

• X ^R Y

Multiple Choice

What are the genotypes of these flies:

white eyed, female ?

• X ^R X ^r

• X ^R X ^R

• X^r X ^r

• X ^r Y

• X ^R Y

Multiple Choice

Give the genotype for person II-1, for this autosomal trait.

• GG

• Gg

• gg

• we cannot be 100% sure of the genotype

Multiple Choice

There are no carriers for Huntington's Disease - you either have it or you don't. Is Huntington's disease caused by a dominant or recessive trait?

• Dominant
• Recessive
• Co-dominant
• Incompletely dominant

Multiple Choice

What evidence is given in the pedigree chart below to establish that the condition is caused by a dominant allele?

• Two unaffected parents have unaffected children
• Two affected parents have affected children
• An affected parent and an unaffected parent have affected children
• Two affected parents have an unaffected child

Multiple Choice

What type of inheritance is shown in this pedigree chart?

• X-linked dominant
• Y-linked dominant
• X-linked recessive
• Y-linked recessive

Multiple Choice

How many females are carriers in this family?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4