Dynamic Earth - Module Test Class Prep

Dynamic Earth - Module Test Class Prep

Let's see what we know and what is still confusing!

https://www.yout-ube.com/watch?v=O5jQLKWvYBA

Multiple Choice

Which answer below includes ALL of the proof that Wegener collected to defend his theory?

• Fossils, Rocks/Mountains, Religious Beliefs, Similar Languages

• Fossils, Glaciers, Rocks/Mountains, Similar Coastlines

• Fossils, Similar Coastlines, Glaciers, Similar Animal Types, Climate

• Glaciers, Rocks/Mountains, Religion, Climate

Four "proofs" of Wegener's Theory:

• Continents fit together like a "puzzle"; specifically South America and Africa.

• Across miles and miles of oceans, mountain ranges have identical rock make-up and patterns

Four "Proofs" of Wegener's Theory (continued)

• Glacier markings (scratches left by moving ice) have been found on separate continents with the same pattern.

• Similar or the same types of fossils have been found on different continents.

Multiple Choice

What best explains what Harry Hess did to advance our knowledge about the seafloor?

• Had a submarine that took photographs of the seafloor.

• Used sonar/echolocation to map out the seafloor.

• Hired a team of scuba divers to see the seafloor.

• Mapped out the coastlines of the continents.

Harry Hess

Harry Hess mapped the seafloor by using echolocation and sonar technology that he used as he sailed as a Navy captain.

Multiple Choice

What two continents fit almost perfectly together?

• South America and North America

• Australia and Africa

• North America and Europe

• South America and Africa

Multiple Choice

If you want to avoid an Earthquake, what should you stay away from?

• Hot Spot

• Transform Boundary

• Convergent Boundary

• Divergent Boundary

Earthquakes

Earthquakes are found near transform boundaries (think graham crackers). One thing that earthquakes cause are tsunamis! https://www.yout-ube.com/watch?v=Wx9vPv-T51I

Multiple Choice

What is unique about a "hot spot"?

• Active Volcanoes

• A lot of Earthquakes

• Tsunamis Occur

• Located on Equators

Hot Spots

• Hot spots are areas that has extremely hot magma.

• This causes the magma to rip through the crust.

• This is the location of active volcanoes.

• The island chain to the right -- let's talk!

Multiple Select

Why is Kauai the oldest and Hawaii the youngest?

• Kauai is the furthest from the hot spot.

• Hawaii is on the hot spot.

• Kauai is the smallest island.

• Hawaii is the main island.

Time Scale (Hot spots and Ridges)

• The closer to the new forming crust, the younger the crust.

• The further from the cracks of the crust, the older the crust.

• Look at the picture to the right and observe.

Multiple Choice

Which location is the oldest?

• Location closest to a mid-ocean ridge.

• Location farthest from a mid-ocean ridge.

• The land of a continent.

• Hot Spot of a volcano.

Plate Boundaries!

There are three types --> One type containing another type. What are they?

Multiple Select

Select the three types of plate boundaries.

• Divergent

• Biodivergent

• Transform

• Convergent

Multiple Choice

What other type of plate boundary is there that is a part of the CONVERGENT boundary?

• Subduction

• Subvergent

• Inclusion

• Intrusion

Let's start with CONVERGENT

• Where two plates collide.

• Mountain Ranges and Volcanoes form here.

• When a convergent plate goes through SUBDUCTION; Ocean trenches are formed.

Divergent Boundary

• When two plates diverge (split apart/move away from each other)

• This creates Mid-Ocean Ridges, rift valleys (ridges on land), earthquakes (not very common), seafloor spreading, small volcanoes, small mountain ranges.

Multiple Select

SELECT ALL: What can a divergent boundary form or create?

• Volcanoes

• Earthquakes

• Trenches

• Ridges (oceanic) and Rifts (continental)

Transform

• When two plates slide past each other.

• This forms EARTHQUAKES and FAULTS. (Earthquakes in turn cause tsunamis).

• No mountains (more like hills), no trenches, no volcanoes.

Multiple Select

What does a transform boundary form/cause?

• Earthquakes

• Tsunamis

• Volcanoes

• Mountains

• Fault Lines