Hydrology

Hydrology

Water is essential for

Water

About 97% percent of Earth's water is salt water found in the ocean, while the other 3% is fresh water. The majority of that 3% is found in huge masses of ice near Earth's poles.

Fill in the Blank

What percent of Earth's water is salt water?

Multiple Choice

Most of the 3% of freshwater found on Earth is where?

• In the ocean

• In ice

• In lakes, ponds, and streams

• In the rain

Oceans

• A vast, salty ocean covers an area greater than all the land on Earth combined.

• The four main oceans from largest to smallest are Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic.

Fill in the Blank

Which is the largest ocean?

Fill in the Blank

Which is the smallest ocean?

Surface Water

• Any body of water above ground, including streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, creeks, and oceans.

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not a type of surface water?

• ocean

• lake

• river

• aquifer

River system

• A river and all its tributaries, or small streams together with the watershed, the land area that supplies water to the system

Ponds and Lakes

• Form when water collects in hollows and low-lying areas of land.

• Lakes are generally deeper and bigger than ponds. In addition, sunlight does not reach the bottom in a deep lake, as it does in a pond.

• A lake that stores water for human use is called a reservoir.

Multiple Choice

What's a difference between lakes and ponds?

• Ponds are bigger and sunlight does not reach the bottom.

• Lakes are bigger and sunlight does not reach the bottom.

• Lakes are bigger and sunlight does reach the bottom.

Wetlands

• Swamps, marshes, bogs

• A wetland is a land area that is covered with water during part or all of the year.

• Wetlands are important because they provide habitats for many living things, act as natural water filters due to slow water movement and plant absorption, and help control floods by absorbing extra runoff from heavy rains.

Groundwater

• Comes from precipitation that soaks into the ground between particles of soil and spaces in layers of rock.

Multiple Choice

Where does groundwater originally come from?

• Lakes

• Precipitation

• Glaciers

• Evaporation

Groundwater

• Rocks and soil, like sand and gravel, that have large connected pores which allow water to pass through, or permeate, are known as permeable.

• Clay and granite are impermeable which means that water cannot pass through easily.

Multiple Choice

Which word means that water CANNOT pass through easily?

• impermeable

• permeable

Bringing Up Groundwater

• Spring-place where groundwater bubbles or flows out of cracks in the rock

• Aquifer-Any underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water and can range in size from a small underground patch to the size of several states

• Well-man-made hole drilled below the water table in order to obtain groundwater from an aquifer

Open Ended

Name one thing that you learned from this presentation.