7ASP Chapter 14 Review

7ASP Chapter 14 Review

LO:

- To review key concepts for chapter 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4

- To practice exam style questions for chapter 14 (all)

Open Ended

Describe the following parts of the nervous system: neuron, synapse, CNS, PNS

Stretch: What do the abbreviations CNS and PNS represent?

The Nervous System

• The nervous system gathers information from the environment, processes it and signals the body to respond

• It is made of the CNS and PNS

• The CNS = central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), responsible for processing

• The PNS = peripheral nervous system, responsible for gathering and transmitting information to CNS

• A neuron is the single functional unit of the NS, it passes electrical signals between neurons, across gaps called synapses

Multiple Choice

Which statement about the nervous system is false?

• It gathers information.

• It maintains homeostasis.

• It responds to stimuli.

• It transports hormones.

Multiple Choice

Why does the nervous system tell the body to shiver?

• to imprint a memory on the brain

• to maintain homeostasis

• to slow neuron communication

• to stop PNS–CNS communication

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of the senses?

• choosing pleasant scents, sounds, tastes, and textures

• gathering information about the environment

• making each organism slightly different from others

• providing ideas for organisms to communicate

Multiple Choice

Which numbered structure focuses the light on the retina?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Sight

• The eye detects visual stimuli.

• The lens and cornea focus light on the retina

• Rods and cones detect shapes and colours, the retina sends this information to the brain via the topic nerve

• The brain processes the information to create a picture

Multiple Choice

A doctor sees a patient who has a loss of balance from an illness. The doctor thinks the receptors for balance might be injured. Where are they located?

• inner ear

• middle ear

• nasal cavity

• spinal cord

The Ear and Balance

Semicircular canals in the inner ear help to maintain balance. They are filled with fluid that moves little hairs as you tilt, sending information to your brain that helps keep your muscles balanced

Multiple Choice

Which relies on chemoreceptors?

• hearing

• sight

• taste

• touch

Chemoreceptors

• Smell and taste word together to detect flavour whilst eating

• Chemoreceptors in the nose detect odor molecules

• Chemoreceptors on the tongue detect sour, sweet, salty, umami, bitter tastes

Multiple Choice

Which system releases chemical messages to the bloodstream?

• circulatory

• digestive

• endocrine

• skeletal

Multiple Choice

What is the path of a hormone as illustrated above?

• bloodstream → endocrine cell → target cell

• endocrine cell → bloodstream → target cell

• endocrine cell → target cell → bloodstream

• target cell → bloodstream → endocrine cel

Multiple Choice

Which is likely to produce a curve similar to the one above?

• a reflex

• a synapse

• positive feedback

• negative feedback

Feedback Systems: Negative vs. Positive

Negative feedback systems are used for homeostasis. The presence of the hormone signals the body to stop producing it.

Positive feedback systems are not used for homeostasis. The presence of the hormone signals the body to produce even more

Open Ended

List the five human senses. Then identify each sensory organ and describe its function.