Embedded Systems

​Revision

​Instruction Sets

Multiple Choice

Instruction Set is NOT the same with program codes (programming).

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Instruction Set is NOT a machine language.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

x86 Architecture is the standard of CPUs.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Set of operations which are decoded in sequence (these operations instruct ALU and CU.)

• Program Codes

• Instruction Set

• HTML script

• Opcode

Open Ended

What are the components of an instruction set?

Multiple Choice

Informs the CPU what operation needs to be done.

• Opcode

• Operand

• Operation

• Oolong

Multiple Choice

Data which needs to be acted on or it can refer  to a register in the memory.

• Opcode

• Operand

• Operation

• Oolong

Open Ended

ADD, JMP, LDA, STO are examples of_________.

Embedded Systems

2210 Computer Science

​2023 Exams

​Embedded Systems

• ​combination of hardware and software

• ​designed to carry out a specific set of functions

Bases of Embedded Systems​

• microcontrollers

• microprocessor

• system on chips (SoC)​

​Microcontrollers

• ​a single chip where RAM and ROM and other peripherals are embedded which carry out a specific task.

​Microprocessor

• ​an integrated circuit which only has a CPU on the chip

​System on Chips (SoC)

• ​contains a microcontroller

• ​has a compact operating system (OS)

• ​chipset of smartphones (Qualcomm Snapdragon, Mediatek Dimensity, Samsung Exynos, etc.)

Open Ended

Embedded System is a combination of _________ and ___________.

Open Ended

Give one basis of an embedded system.

Multiple Choice

Has a compact operating system (OS)

• Microcontrollers

• Microprocessors

• System on Chips

Multiple Choice

Has ​an integrated circuit which only has a CPU on the chip.

• Microcontrollers

• Microprocessors

• System on Chips

Multiple Choice

Has ​a single chip where RAM and ROM and other peripherals are embedded which carry out a specific task. integrated circuit which only has a CPU on the chip.

• Microcontrollers

• Microprocessors

• System on Chips

Multiple Choice

Its example is Arduino.

• Microcontrollers

• Microprocessors

• System on Chips

Multiple Choice

One of its examples is the Qualcomm Snapdragon that can be found in smartphones.

• Microcontrollers

• Microprocessors

• System on Chips

​Benefits and Drawbacks of Embedded System

​

Multiple Choice

They are small in size and therefore easy to fit into devices.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Compared to other systems, they are relatively low cost to make.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

It can be difficult to upgrade some devices to take advantage of new technology.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Troubleshooting faults in the device becomes a specialist task.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

They are usually dedicated to one task allowing simple interfaces and often no requirement for an operating system.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Although the interface can appear to be more simple in reality it can be more confusing to change some settings.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

They consume very little power.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Any device that can be accessed over the internet is also open to hackers, viruses,etc.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

They can be controlled remotely using a device(for example mobile phone).

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Very fast reaction to changing input.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

With mass production comes reliability.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Due to the difficulty of upgrading and fault finding, devices are often just thrown away rather than being repaired.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Multiple Choice

Can lead to increase in the 'throw away' society if devices are discarded just because they have become out-of-date.

• Benefit

• Drawback

Open Ended

Give one benefit of an embedded system.

Open Ended

Give one disadvantage of an embedded system.

​Examples of Embedded Systems

​

Motor Vehicles​

• ​

Set-top Box

​Security Systems

• ​smoke

• ​glass break

• ​gas

• ​ceiling motion

​Lighting System

Vending System