230 Adolescence

230 Adolescence

​Puberty

​Phase 1 of puberty: Adrenarche

￮Release of adrenal androgens

￮Skeletal growth (begins around age 6-8)

Phase 2: Gonadarche- sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone)

￮Menarche- first menstrual period (~age 12-13)

￮Spermarche- first ejaculation (~age 13-14)

Multiple Choice

Early onset puberty can cause issues for teens

• true

• false

​Early Onset Puberty

​Girls: often get unwanted attention, teasing
￮Increased risk for depression, eating disorders, early sexual activity, substance abuse

Boys: risks and benefits
￮May be more athletic, taller
￮Increased risk for substance abuse, early sexual activity

Multiple Choice

Late onset puberty can cause issues for teens

• true

• false

​Late Onset

​Girls

￮Increased risk for being targets of teasing and bullying

￮Overall, more positive outcomes compared to early maturing girls

​

Boys

￮Risk of bullying, depression, and parental conflict

Multiple Choice

The adolescent brain is fully developed.

• True 

• False

​Brain Growth

​Prefrontal cortex

￮Decision-making, higher level cognition, self-regulation

​

Myelination

￮Increases information processing speed

​

Synaptic pruning

￮strengthens strongest neural connections

Multiple Choice

Which part of the adolescent brain is the last to fully develop?

• Prefrontal Cortext

• Limbic System

• Dopamine Circuit 

• Hippocampus

Multiple Choice

Which stage are adolescents in according to Piaget's theory?

• Sensorimotor

• Preoperational 

• Concrete Operational 

• Formal Operational 

​Formal Operational

​Hypothetical Thinking

￮Based on deductive reasoning

Abstract Thinking

￮Going beyond apparent factors, world is complex: not black/white

Metacognition

￮Thinking about thinking

Socioemotional Development ​

• Shift from parents to peers

• Crowds and cliques form

• Peer pressure

• ​Romantic relationships are short-lived, but meaningful

Multiple Choice

What relationships are most import at this stage 

• Parents

• Teachers

• Peers 

• Siblings 

Poll

Which of Marcia’s identity statuses do you identify with?

• identity achievement

• identity moratorium 

• identity

  foreclosure

• identity

  diffusion 

​Mental Health

​Concerns:

• ​Anxiety

• ​Depression

• ​Suicide

​

​Look for signs in adolescents you know.

​Call a hotline or for other assistance is you suspect someone is suicidal or homicidal. 988

​

​Anxiety Exercise

• ​Something you smell

• ​Something you see

• ​Something you taste

• ​Something you hear

• ​Something you feel on your skin