HMH Unit 3.2 Day Three

HMH Unit 3.2 Day Three

Pgs 188-189

​Brrr, It's Cold Outside

• ​Animals need food so they have the matter and energy they need for their bodies to grow, develop, and repair themselves.

• ​Food helps animals survive in other ways as well.

• ​How might food help an animal survive in an extreme environment such as the Antarctic?

​Brrr! It's Cold Outside

• ​It's bitterly cold in the Antarctic, where many penguins make their home. Here, temperatures may be "high" at -20 degrees Celsius in the summer and dip below -60 degrees in the winter!

• ​So how do these penguins stay warm? By eating!

• ​In addition to providing matter and energy for growth and body repair, food provides energy to keep their bodies warm.

Count Krill Calories​

​An adult Adelie penguin eats about 0.9 kilograms (kg) of krill each summer day. An individual krill weighs about 2 grams (g). Each gram of krill has 0.9 calories available for whichever predator eats it. A calorie is the amount of energy available from food.

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​Use the data above, calculate how many calories an Adelie penguin eats in a typical summer day.

​Counting Krill Answer

​810 calories. A single krill has 1.8 calories. 0.9 kg of krill eaten per day equals 900 g, which can be divided by 2 g per krill to find that a penguin eats about 450 krill per day. 450 krill multiplied by 1.8 calories per krill = 810 calories.

​Energy On The Move

• ​The sun shines down on a sunflower.  The sun provides the energy that producers, such as plants, need to make their own food.  This energy is provided in the form of sunlight, which travels from the sun to Earth as solar energy.

​Energy on the Move

• ​Sunflower leaves capture the energy from sunlight to power the process of photosynthesis.  Energy from sunlight is used by the plant to change carbon dioxide and water into sugars.  The plant uses the energy stored in the sugars as fuel for its life processes.

​Energy on the Move

• ​An aphid is an insect that feeds on plant sap with its piercing, sucking mouthparts.  They tap directly into the system of tubes that carries water and sugars throughout the plant.  Aphids use these sugars as food to fuel their own body functions.

​Energy on the Move

• ​Whoosh!  A wasp flies down, catches an aphid, and then munches on it as food.  From the aphid, the wasp will obtain matter and energy to fuel its own life processes, including growth and flight.

• The original source of energy for nearly all organisms on Earth comes from the sun.  Some organisms, such as those in dark environments, are able to use energy from sources other than the sun

Multiple Choice

Where did the wasp’s energy originally come from?

• Aphid

• Water

• Plant Sap

• Sunlight

​Energy on the Move

• ​The original source of energy fro nearly all organisms on Earth comes from the sun.

• ​Some organisms, such as those in dark environment, are able to use energy from sources other than the sun.