W2 CHAPTER 14 REVIEW

W2 CHAPTER 14 REVIEW

by Miguel Morin

​Lesson 2: The Spread of Islam

• ​When Muhammad died in a.d. 632, he left no instructions who should be next Islam's leader.

• ​Muslims knew that no person could take Muhammad's role as a prophet.

• ​A group of Muslim leaders chose a new type of leader called the "Caliph" (successor).

• ​The first 4 caliphs were close friends or relatives of Muhammad.

• ​The goal of the caliphs were to protect and spread Islam.

• ​By the 660s, the Arab Empire included all of southwest Asia and northeast Africa. 

• ​Expansion continued under new caliphs known as the Umayyads. 

• ​They governed the Arab Empire from Damascus in Syria. 

• ​Muslim armies weren't the only ones who spread Islam. Some Muslims used preaching to win followers to their religion. 

• ​Today, Indonesia has more Muslims than any other nation in the world. 

Multiple Choice

Muhammad died in a.d. 630

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Did Muhammad leave instructions for the next leader?

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What was the new name Muslim chose for following leaders?

• Sultan 

• Caliph

Multiple Choice

What means "caliph"?

• Successor

• The one chosen by God

Multiple Choice

How many caliphs were close friends or related to Muhammad?

• 4

• 2

Multiple Choice

The main goal of caliphs was to...

• conquer as many places as they could

• protect and spread Islam 

Multiple Choice

Which city the Arab Empire governed from?

• Damascus 

• Indonesia

Muslims divided into 2 groups

• The Shia believed that Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, was his rightful heir.

• They also believed that all the future caliphs had to be Ali's descendants. ​

• ​According to the Shia, the Umayyad caliphs in Damascus had no right to rule.

• The Sunni, who outnumbered the Shia, disagreed.

• ​They recognize the Umayyad caliphs as rightful rulers (though they did not always agree with their actions).

• Many non-Arabs were angry that Arab Muslims had the best jobs and paid lower taxes.

• About 750, the Shia Muslims rebelled and won support from other Muslims throughout the empire.

• Abbasid caliphs ruled the Arab Empire until 1258.

• The Abbasids focused on improving trade and culture.

• The abbasids developed a rich culture, but they couldn't hold their empire together.

• The Seljuk (they were nomads and warriors) Turks of central Asia began moving into Abbasid territory​.

• ​In 1055, the Seljuk seized Baghdad. 

• ​The Seljuk ruler called himself sultan (holder of power).

Multiple Choice

Which group of Muslims believed that Ali's descendant needed to continue Muhammad's role?

• Shia 

• Sunni 

Multiple Choice

Which group of Muslims recognized Umayyads caliphs as rightful rulers?

• Shia 

• Sunni 

Multiple Choice

Abbasid caliphs ruled the Arab Empire until...

• 1285

• 1258

Multiple Choice

Abbasids focused on.....?

• Improving trade and culture

• Conquer many lands

Multiple Choice

Choose the year in which Seljuks seized Baghdad city

• 1258

• 1055

Multiple Choice

How the Seljuk ruler called himself?

• The great caliph

• Sultan

​Lesson 3: Life in the Islamic World

• ​Muslim merchants controlled trade in much Asia and Africa.

• ​Muslim trade flourished for several reasons; Spread the religion of Islam, along with the Arabic language (Arabic become the language os business and trade in much of Asia and Africa).

• ​Makkah, Baghdad, Cairo, and Damascus were located on major trade routes.

• ​Muslim cities were more than places of trade, they became centers of government, education and culture.

• ​Muslim main buildings were mosques and palaces. 

• ​Mosques are Muslim houses of worship.

• ​Every Muslim city had a bazaar, or marketplace, bazaars were full of shops and stalls where goods were sold. 

• ​Muslim people were divided into social groups based on their power and health. 

• ​Government leaders, landowners and wealthy merchants held the greatest power while enslaved people held no power. 

Multiple Choice

What language became the language of business and trade?

• Arabic 

• Chinese 

Multiple Choice

______ are Muslims houses of worship.

• Bazaars

• Mosques

Multiple Choice

______ are like marketplaces, full of shops and stalls where goods were sold. 

• Bazaars

• Mosques

Multiple Choice

Which social group of people held the greatest power?

• Enslaved people

• Government leaders, landowners, and wealthy merchants.

• ​Muslim astronomers studied the skies at the Baghdad observatory founded by Mamun.

• These studies helped them create the mathematical models of the universe. 

• ​Muslim astronomers improved the Greek astrolabe. Sailors used this tool to determine their location at the sea. 

• ​Muslim doctors shared their knowledge by publishing their findings. The Persian doctor Ibn Sina produced the Canon of Medicine, which described how diseases spread and analyzed hundreds of different medicines. 

• ​The Arabs created the first medical schools and pharmacies. 

• Muslims wrote non-religious literature. One of the best known works is The Thousand and One Nights, also called The Arabian Nights.

• Another Muslim, Persian poet, Omar Khayyam, wrote the Rubaiyat.

• Many consider it one of the finest poems ever written.

• Muslim cities were known for their beautiful buildings.

• The most prominent features of a mosque are its minarets. These are towers from which an announcer calls Muslims to prayer 5 times each day. ​

Multiple Choice

Sailors used this tool to determine their location at the sea.

• Publishings 

• Astrolabe 

Multiple Choice

The Persian doctor Ibn Sia produced the _______, which described how diseases spread and analyzed hundreds of different medicines.

• The Arabian Nights

• Canon of Medicine

Multiple Choice

Is consider as one of the best known works of the non-religious literature 

• The Thousand and One Nights, also called as The Arabian Nights. 

• The Canon of Medicine

Multiple Choice

Select the author who wrote "The Rubaiyat", consider as one of the finest poems ever written.

• Ibn Sina

• Omar Khayyam