Modal verbs (A2/B1)

Modal verbs

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​Did you know that the average industrially-produced apple may have been sprayed up to 16 times with 30 different chemicals?

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​What time should you expect your foreign business colleagues to arrive?

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​In Japan, people would be shocked.

​Modal verbs - auxiliary verbs used to complement or change the meaning of the main verbs in sentences.

​"He can consult specialists over a video link when he needs to"

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​"this sort of long-distance telemedicine could go much further."

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​"but its future may lie closer to home"

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​"It might be sunny on the weekend."

​"... a younger man should never be sent to complete a business deal with an older Japanese man."

​(shall / ought to)

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​"You must exchange business cards immediately on meeting because it is essential to establish everyone's status and position."

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​"The answer will be even more technology"

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​"I would learn to play the piano if I had time."

​I would like to have some juice.

Multiple Choice

In "When a patient in Tristan da Cunha enters Dr Van der Merwe's surgery, he may as well be stepping into the University of Pittsburgh medical centre." may is used to express:

• prediction

• possibility

• duty

• suggestion

Multiple Choice

In "Taken to its technological conclusion, this would involve using wireless sensors..." would is used to express:

• suggestion

• duty

• possibility

• condition

Multiple Choice

In "(it) is just one way telemedicine can be used" can is used to express:

• duty

• suggestion

• possibility

• prediction

Multiple Choice

In "In France, you shouldn't sit down in a café until you've shaken hands with everyone you know." shouldn't is used to express:

• duty

• condition

• suggestion

• prediction

Multiple Choice

In "In Pakistan, you mustn't wink. It's offensive." mustn't is used to express:

• duty

• condition

• suggestion

• possibility

​Read the text Early cinema and answer the following questions:

Open Ended

Which modal verbs were used in the text? And what's their utility in the context?

Open Ended

What's the main idea of the text?

Multiple Choice

According to paragraph 1, all of the following were true of viewing films in Kinetoscope parlors EXCEPT:

• One individual at a time viewed a film

• Customers could view one film after another.

• Prizefights were the most popular subjects for films.

• Each film was short.

Multiple Choice

The author discusses phonograph parlors in paragraph 2 in order to

• explain Edison’s financial success

• describe the model used to design Kinetoscope parlors

• contrast their popularity to that of Kinetoscope parlors

• illustrate how much more technologically advanced Kinetoscope parlors were

Multiple Choice

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the sentence "He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine—a projector—from him instead of several."? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

• Edison was more interested in developing a variety of machines than in developing a technology based on only one.

• Edison refused to work on projection technology because he did not think exhibitors would replace their projectors with newer machines.

• Edison did not want to develop projection technology because it limited the number of machines he could sell.

• Edison would not develop projection technology unless exhibitors agreed to purchase more than one projector from him.

Multiple Choice

According to paragraph 4, how did the early movies differ from previous spectacles that were presented to large audiences?

• They were a more expensive form of entertainment.

• They were viewed by larger audiences.

• They were more educational.

• They did not require live entertainers.

Multiple Choice

According to paragraph 5, what role did early exhibitors play in the presentation of movies in theaters?

• They decided how to combine various components of the film program

• They advised filmmakers on appropriate movie content.

• They often took part in the live-action performances.

• They produced and prerecorded the material that was shown in the theaters.

Multiple Choice

According to paragraph 6, the images seen by viewers in the earlier peepshows, compared with the images projected on the screen, were relatively

• small in size

• inexpensive to create

• unfocused

• limited in subject matter