Using statistics

Using Statistics

​What are statistics?

​Statistics are pieces of information in the form of numbers.

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​They help us to understand how common certain things are (like the number of people in NSW), or find patterns connecting different things (like do suburbs with more parks have healthier residents?)

​What are statistics useful for?

​Statistics can provide us with information about a large number of things (like people, houses, jobs, etc) that we are interested in.

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​This is important because making judgements about a whole group based on our personal experience isn't very reliable.

​What are statistics useful for?

​For example, we may want to answer the question:

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​"Which suburb in Sydney would be the best place to provide English language classes for migrants?"

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​How would we answer this question?

Open Ended

What is the first thing you would do to answer the question: ​"Which suburb in Sydney would be the best place to provide English language classes for migrants?"

​How do we answer the question?

​The best place to provide a service (like providing English language classes for migrants) is where there is the most need (the most migrants).

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​So we need to find out where the most migrants live.

Multiple Choice

You know two people who are migrants who need to improve their English skills. They both live in Panania. Panania must be a good place to set up your English language school!

• Yes, because there must be lots of people like the two that you know

• Yes, everyone knows Panania has lots of migrants

• No, just because two people in Panania are migrants doesn't mean that the whole suburb is like that

• No, migrants don't need English language skills

​What are statistics useful for?

The problem with relying on our personal experience is that we don't see the big picture. We might know migrants in Panania because most people our family knows are migrants, but we don't know much about the other 10,000 people who live nearby.

​What are statistics useful for?

Another problem is that we don't know enough about the number of migrants in other suburbs to compare them.

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​Maybe other suburbs have many more migrants than Panania, but we haven't actually been to those other suburbs to find out.

​What are statistics useful for?

Luckily, the government collects this sort of information every four years, during a big survey called the census.

​They use the information for just the same the purpose as we do: to help them provide services for people, based on the needs of those people.

What are statistics useful for?

​​On the next page there is an interactive choropleth map, which colour codes the suburbs of Sydney according to a variety of different variables (categories).

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Click the drop-down menu on the top, and choose 'percent born overseas', as shown in the picture.

​Find the three suburbs with the highest proportion of people born overseas. These would be good places to provide your English language service.

Australian census map: the results, region by region – interactive | Australia news | The Guardian

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following suburbs has the highest percentage of people born overseas?

• Fairfield East

• Auburn- North

• Cronulla

• Canley Heights

​What are statistics useful for?

​Now that we know where the highest percentage of migrants live, it would be good to know which language they speak there.

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​The next slide contains this information. Find out which language (other than English) is most spoken in Auburn.

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Multiple Choice

Which language other than English is most spoken in Auburn?

• Chinese (Mandarin)

• Arabic

• Italian

• Greek 

Variables

​When we want to use statistics to answer questions, like "where should we provide English language classes?", we focus on a particular variable that will help us to answer it. Variables are basically anything that varies (changes) and can be measured or classified, like age, gender, income, or language spoken at home.

Multiple Choice

Which of the variables listed here would we want to look at if we wanted to know where to build a meeting place for older people?

• Median Income

• Median Age

• Married Females

• Hosehold size

​Variables exercise 1

The median age is the middle age of all the people in the suburb. In other words, the age of the person who has half of the people older in the suburb older than them, and half of all people younger than them.

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By looking at this variable, we should be able to find the best location for building a meeting place for older people.

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​​On the next webpage, find the suburb with the highest median age.

Australian census map: the results, region by region – interactive | Australia news | The Guardian

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Fill in the Blank

The suburb with the highest median age is _______

Multiple Choice

​Imagine that you want to provide an employment service to people that work in low-paying jobs, to help them find better-paying jobs.

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​Which variable would you want to find out about?

• Average number of persons per household

• Median Household income

• Married males %

• % born overseas

​Variables exercise 2

Using the same website as before, (on the next slide) find the suburb with the lowest Median Household income. This would be a good place to set up a service to give people better job skills, so they could earn more.

Australian census map: the results, region by region – interactive | Australia news | The Guardian

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Fill in the Blank

The suburb with the lowest median household income is _______