Diabetes Episode

Diabetes Episode

Medical emergencies

​ACTIVITY, BLOOD, DIABETES, EPISODE, FOOD, INSULIN, SUGAR, THIRST

​Learning Objectives

​What are we learning today?

​

​1) What is diabetes?

​

​2) What is the difference between hypo and hyperglycaemia

​

​3) What are the signs and symptoms?

​

​4) How to treat someone with hypoglycaemia

​What am I looking for by the end of the lesson...

​

​- Explain what causes of hypo and hyperglycaemia?

​

- Emergency care for hypoglycaemia

​

- Signs and symptoms of hyperglycaemia

Multiple Choice

What does hyper mean?

• Too low

• Too much

• Too slow

• Too fast

Multiple Choice

What does hypo mean?

• Too low

• Too much

• Too slow

• Too fast

Diabetes​

​Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to properly produce or respond to the hormone called insulin.

Two types of Diabetes

​HYPERglyceamia

​

​When the body does not respond to insulin, the level of sugar in the blood (glucose) becomes too high, this is a state known as hyperglycaemia.

​HYPOglyceamia

​Blood glucose can also be too low, this is called Hypoglycaemia.

Fill in the Blanks

When the blood sugar is too low, this is called?

Fill in the Blanks

When the blood sugar is too high, this is called?

​HYPERglycaemia

​Blood glucose levels are too high because there is not enough insulin in the body.

​

This happens if the person:

​

•does not receive insulin.

•eats food with a lot of sugar in them.

​Signs of HYPERglycaemia

•Polydipsia (increased thirst or very thirsty)

•Headaches

•Blurred vision

•Weakness

•Polyuria (the need to urinate frequently).

​How can we help?

•Changing the dosage of insulin

•Eating less carbohydrates and sugary foods

•Exercising more

​

If symptoms worsen, or if the person has problems breathing, a very dry mouth or fruity smell in their breath they should call 999 immediately.

​HYPOglycaemia

​This happens when there is not enough sugar in the blood.

​

Low blood sugar can happen when a person with diabetes:

​

•misses a meal.

•have not eaten enough food.

•does a lot of physical activity without eating enough food.

​Signs of HYPOglycaemia

• Dizziness

• Feeling hungry

• Irritated

• Pale

• Fast heartbeat

• Shaking

• Sweating

• Sleepiness

​How can we help?

​•Give the person a sugary snack such as sweet juice, a sugar lump, or a sugary sweet.

​

•After fifteen minutes test their blood glucose levels, if they have not returned to normal, they should eat some more.

​

•If the person is conscious but they are not able to eat, somebody who is with them should put some honey or a sweet syrup inside their cheek and monitor the person.

​

•If the person becomes unconscious, you should call 998 and ask for emergency medical help.