understanding of culture society and politics

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

by Mirasol Pantinople

​Prayer

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​THE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE

Learning Competency:

​Explain the forms and functions of state .​

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Learning objectives :

​1. Explain  the forms and functions of a state .

​2. Recognize the forms and functions of  a  state .

3.Appreciate the importance  of the state  and its  functions .  

Multiple Choice

The protector of the people, plays a crucial role in preserving peace and harmony, by defending the country against terrorism and other forms of threats, whether of civilian or military nature

• NPA

• PMA

• AFP

• CBA

Multiple Choice

It is engaged in the refining of crude oil and the marketing and distribution of refined petroleum products.

• PETRON OIL

• PETRON BANK

• PETRON CORPORATION

• PETRON

Multiple Choice

The basic unit in the society.

• Family

• Cluster

• Group

• Troop

Multiple Choice

It is focused on providing branded consumer packaged goods to the consumers across the world. The Company operates through five segments: Beauty; Grooming; Health Care; Fabric & Home Care, and Baby, Feminine & Family Care.

• Proctor and Gamble Philippines 

• Colgate Philippines 

• Close Up Philippines 

• J and J 

Multiple Choice

It is the organization or machinery or agency of the State which makes, implements, enforces, and adjudicates the laws of the state

• Territory

• Government

• State

• People

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     What can you say  about  the  activity?

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What does the picture conveys?

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​Let us Study!

​A state is an organized political community acting under a government and united by common set of laws. It uses absolute power in directing the path of a society. It also uses complete political coerciveness, which may come in the form of armed forces personnel, stricter laws, and rigid government policies in order to attain its societal goals and objectives.

​States differ in sovereignty, governance, geography, and interests. It may be classified as sovereign if they are not dependent on, or subject to, any other power or state. Other states are subject to external sovereignty where ultimate sovereignty lies another state.

​As a state, it consists of actors with varying interests and assertions, social rules are implemented in the forms of laws. These laws are created to manage the interaction among individuals and between the individuals and the state. As a citizen of a country, an individual is subjected to the legal norms in the territory. These norms may include paying taxes, rendering military services, and contributing to the political life in the society.

​The State intends to be a strong actor in the performance of the three important political functions. The state, in full form, 1. maintains control over violence in its domain 2. allocates resources and rewards at its discretion, and 3. stands as the major focus of identity for the large majority of the people under its authority

​Elements of the States

​1. Population It is the people who make the state. Population is essential for the state. Without population there can be no State. 2. Territory There can be no state without a fixed territory. People need territory to live and organize themselves socially and politically. It may be remembered that the territory of the states includes land, water and airspace.

​3. Government It is the organization or machinery or agency of the State which makes, implements, enforces, and adjudicates the laws of the state. 4. Sovereignty It is the most exclusive elements of State. Without sovereignty no state can exist. State has the exclusive title and prerogative to exercise supreme power over all its people and territory. It is the basis which the State regulates all aspects of the life of the people living in its territory.

​Forms of States

​a. Authoritarian Government- An example of this type is Monarchy-The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch

Totalitarianism is a political system that strives to regulate nearly every aspect of public and private life. Modern examples of totalitarian states include the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler, the People’s Republic of China under Mao Zedong, and North Korea under the Kim Dynasty.

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​b. Oligarchic Government--Example  is theocracy

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​Contemporary examples of theocracies include Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the Vatican.

c. Democratic Government-Examples of democratic nations are Philippines, Norway, New Zealand, United States of America, Canada, Columbia, Italy, and South Africa.

​Roles of the States

​1. State provides security against external aggressions and war. For this purpose, the state maintains an army. 2. State ensures security against internal disturbances disorders and crimes. For this purpose, the state maintains police. 3. State legally grants and guarantees the rights of the people.

​4. The state issues and regulates currency and coinage. 5. State undertakes steps for the creation of necessary conditions for the socio-economic-politico-cultural development of the people. 6. State grants citizenship and protects their interests and rights.

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7. State conducts foreign relations, foreign trade and economic relations. 8. State secures the goals of national interest in international relations

Multiple Choice

It is  an organized political community acting under a government and united by common set of laws.

• Territory 

• State

• Corporations 

• Banks 

Multiple Choice

As a state, it consists of ______with varying interests and assertions, social rules are implemented in the forms of laws.

• actors

• people

• caretaker 

• government 

Multiple Choice

It is one of the ​Elements of the States

• A. Population 

• B. People 

• C. Government

• A and C

Multiple Choice

Examples of  Authoritarian Government

• the People’s Republic of China under Mao Zedong, and North Korea under the Kim Dynasty.

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• Philippines, Norway, New Zealand, United States of America, Canada, Columbia, Italy, and South Africa.

• Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the Vatican.

• None

Multiple Choice

What are the roles of the state?

• 1. State provides security against external aggressions and war. For this purpose, the state maintains an army

• State ensures security against internal disturbances disorders and crimes.

• State legally grants and guarantees the rights of the people.

• All of the statements

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Now that you have already know about the forms and functions of the state. Does our government functions as in the right manner ? Does our actor in the government possesses the kind of actor he would be for our country ?

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Today you already know the forms and functions of the state , enumerate some of the different ideas about the concepts that were given . If you were be given a chance to be an actor , how do you carry out the role in our government . Why it is important to have a strong actor in the government ?

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Based on the discussion , how will you be able connect this information, the challenges that we encounter in our day to day lives activities? In our education , the crisis that we have right now , the internet connection for our online class , family concerns and etc.

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It's time to assess your understanding !

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TRUE or FALSE. Write True if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.

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The state uses absolute power to attain societal goals and objectives.

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As a state, it consists of actors with varying interests and assertions, social rules are implemented in the forms of laws.

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Being a citizen of a state, everyone is entailing the enjoyment of certain privileges that are called rights.

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State will not provides security against external aggressions and war.

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The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch.

​How well did you like the lesson?

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Nothing is possible without men , but nothing is lasting without institutions ...

​Jean Monnet

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Thank you so much for listening and participating our on line class.

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following belongs to a non-state institution?

• BDO Network Bank

• DSWD

• PNP

• Bank

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statement is true about non-state

institutions?

• Non-state institutions are government set up institutions to

  provide services for the common good.

• Political organizations are all non-state institutions.

• Corporations, cooperatives, and trade unions are examples of

  non-state institutions.

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

The following are forms of non-state institution EXCEPT:

• Non-Government Organizations (NGOs)

• Multinational Enterprises

• Banks

• Local Government Units (LGUs)

Multiple Choice

This form of the non-state institution concerns negotiating better

working conditions and giving general advice and support to

workers.

• Cooperatives

• Labor Unions

• DSWD

• International Organizations

​In doing the activity:

​What does the activity implies ?

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​What are the correct answers ? What it is all about ?

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​Enumerate them.

​Non state Institutions

​Learning Competency:

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  *Explain the forms and functions of non-state institutions

​Learning Objectives :

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1.Explain  the forms and functions of a state .

​2. Recognize the forms and functions of  a  state .

3.Appreciate the importance  of the state  and its  functions .  

Fill in the Blanks

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​Nonstate institutions are people and/ or organization that participate in international affairs and relations but are not affiliated with any state or nation

A. ​Banks

​ Bank is a financial institution licensed to provide several financial services to different types of customers.

​Forms of Banks

​Commercial Banks

​ Financial deposit with security and convenience which could be in the form of credit cards, debit cards, and check

 Provide business, individual, and personal loans, enabling commercial banks to earn interest

 Serve as payment agents within and outside the country through wire transfer

 Subjected to more regulations

​Investment Banks

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​Financial intermediaries that performs a variety of services for businesses and some government

 Issues securities to the investing public

 Make markets, facilities, mergers, and other corporate reorganizations

 Acts as brokers for institutional clients

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 Under the supervision of regulatory bodies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), FINRA, and the US Treasury  Subjected to fewer regulations

Source: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/061615/what-are-majorcategories-financial-institutions-and-what-are-their-primary-roles.as ​

​B. Corporations

​It is a form of business operation that declares the business as a separate entity guided by a group of officers known as the Board of Directors.

​Common Types of Corporations

​For-profit - Examples: HBO in partnership with International Rescue Committee, Ford Motors and Lynda.com.

​ Not-for-profit

Human Rights Campaign is a very impressive example of using Facebook profile photos to spread the word far and wide about campaign. Greenpeace the environmental non-profit that used GPS technology to inform the public about their cause.

​Multinational Corporations (MNCs)

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are business organization that extends ownership, management, production, and sales activities into several or more countries. MNCs are boon to the economic growth and development of the states.

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​The Good and bad Effects of MNCs

​Good Effects Bad Effects

Introduce technology Offer ill-suited technology

Encourage economic growth Retard economic growth Encourage interdependently Cause dependency

Elites learn to regulate Elites become compradors Promotes human rights Harms human rights

Protect the environment Hurt the environment

Economic actors Political actors

Promote a cosmopolitan world Damage national Culture

(Source: Conway Henderson (1998))

​Check out the big names of MNCs that are already exist in the Philippines :

​Google  Viber  Palo Alto Networks  Procter and Gamble  Thomson Reuters  Accenture

HSBC  Citibank  Maersk  Hewlett Packard  Coca Cola Far East  Deutsche Bank

​c. Cooperatives

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Cooperatives are people-

centers enterprises owned, controlled and run by and for their members to realize their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations.

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​D. Trade Unions/Labor Unions

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• ​Trade Unions are organizations formed by workers from related fields that work for common interest of its members.

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The purpose of these unions is to look into the grievances of wagers and present a collective voice in front of the management.It acts as the medium of communication between the workers and management.

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Among these trade unions that exist in the Philippines are the Federation of Free Workers (FFW), Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU) and the Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP).

​Functions of Trade Unions:

​1. Advocating for fairness and equality for workers’ compensations 2. Securing better working conditions for workers 3. Trade Unions will organize strikes and demonstrations on behalf of worker demands

​4. Fight for social welfare for workers

5. Promote and advocate for education and proper training for workers

6. Advocate and fight the government for legislative protections of the workers

7. Promote and advocate for organizational growth and stability

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8. Trade Unions acts as representatives of workers in national and international forums 9. Involved in collective bargaining agreements and disputes with management to settle any conditions on employment 10.Advising management on correct personnel policies and procedures 11.Involved in collective and personal collective grievances between management and workers.

​e. Transnational Advocacy Groups

​Transnational Advocacy Groups (TAGs) play an increasingly important role in international and regional politics and have contributed to changing policies of multilateral organizations and states.

​f. Development Agencies

​Development Agencies have been established to develop the cooperation between the public sector, private sector, and civil society. These are organizations with specific aims and goals.

​Types of Development Agencies:

​1. International Organization is an institution with membership drawn from two or more countries.

Prominent examples of IGOs are United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), European Union (EU), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and World Health Organization (WHO).

​2. Non-government Organization-

​is a non-profit group that functions independently of any government. It serves the social or political goals such as humanitarian and environmental causes.

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Many NGOs have targeted their efforts toward population groups that tend to be underserved by governmental programs, including women, the aged, physically and mentally disabled persons, the poor, and various social groups that have been marginalized by virtue of race, religion, ethnicity, caste, and social class.

​Now, what is the  Interrelationship of Government and Non-state Institutions

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Fill in the Blanks

It is a financial institution licensed to provide several financial services to different types of customers.

Fill in the Blanks

​It is a form of business operation that declares the business as a separate entity guided by a group of officers known as the Board of Directors.

Fill in the Blanks

People and/ or organization that participate in international affairs and relations but are not affiliated with any state or nation.

Multiple Choice

People-centers enterprises owned, controlled and run by and for their members to realize their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations. Cooperatives are businesses

• MNCs

• Cooperatives

• Institutions

• None

Fill in the Blanks

Is a non-profit group that functions independently of any government. It serves the social or political goals such as humanitarian and environmental causes.

Fill in the Blanks

What is the meaning of MNCs?

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​For your assessment :

Answer the link that I will be given to you after our class . ​