Plant Structure SC.912.L.14.7

Plant Structure

by Sweetheart Tayong

​SC.912.L.14.17

•Relate each structure of each of the major plant organs and tissues to the physiological processes.

Plant Physiology

​

Plants

       Plants have organs, tissues, and cells.

​

​Four tissues found in plants?

Dermal

Vascular

Ground

Meristematic​

​Plant Tissues

​Plant Organs are made of four tissue systems:

1. Dermal Tissues covers the outside of a plant.

–Protects the plant

–Secretes cuticle of leaves

–Forms outer bark of trees

Multiple Choice

Plant tissue that forms the outer part of trees

• Dermal

• Vascular

• Ground

• Meristematic

​Plant Tissues

​Plant Organs are made of four tissue systems:

2. Ground Tissues found inside of a plant.

–Provides support of plant

–Stores materials in roots and stems

–Carries products of photosynthesis​

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​

Multiple Choice

Plant tissue that stores ad carries photosynthetic products 

• Dermal

• Vascular

• Ground

• Meristematic

​Plant Tissues

​Plant Organs are made of four tissue systems:

3. Vascular Tissues transport water, minerals, and organic compounds.

–Made of two networks of hollow tubes

–Xylem transports water and minerals

–Phloem transports photosynthetic products  (water and sugar)​

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​

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct pair of functions of the vascular tubes 

• Xylem transports sugar and water

  Phloem transports minerals and sugar

• Xylem transports water and minerals

  Phloem transports organic molecules and sugar

​Plant Tissues

​Plant Organs are made of four tissue systems:

4. Meristematic Tissues consist of small, densely packed cells that can keep dividing to form new cells.

–Allows cells to stay forever young

–Involved in plant growth​

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​PLANTS: TISSUE SYSTEMS

• ​Apical Meristem:

  Lengthens

  Lateral Meristem:

  Widens

Multiple Choice

__________ __________ causes primary growth; lengthens the plant

• LATERAL MERISTEM

• LATERAL EPICONDYLE

• APICAL CONDYLE

• APICAL MERISTEM

Multiple Choice

••On the leaves and some stems, cells may secrete  a wax-coated substance that becomes the cuticle which provides protection in variety of ways.  What tissue system would it be a part of ?

• DERMAL

• GROUND

• VASCULAR

• MERISTEMATIC

Multiple Choice

THE LATERAL MERISTEM HAS THE FOLLOWING FUNCTION IN PLANTS

• LENGTHENS THE PLANT

• SUPPORTS THE PLANT

• WIDENS THE PLANT

• DENATURES THE PLANT

​PLANT ORGANS

​•ROOTS

–Roots make up over half the body of the plant and provide many functions:

​

•Anchor the plant in the ground.

•Absorb water and minerals from the soil.

​In what part of a  plant can water get through?

Roots

​PARTS OF THE ROOT

​•Root hairs are tiny projections on the dermal cells of roots that aid in absorption of water and minerals.

•Root cap a small cone of cells that protects that growing part of the root as it pushes  through the soil

•Roots also include the xylem, phloem and cadmium that aid in growth and movement of materials for photosynthesis and transpiration.

Multiple Choice

Part of the plant that absorbs water.

• Roots

• Flowers

• Petals

• Leaves

​STEMS

​•Stems have many functions:

•Support leaves and flowers

•House most of the vascular system

•Store water

•Grow underground for storage

•Form new plants

•Stems also include xylem, phloem, and cadmium which aid in growth, transpiration and photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Part of the plant that is long, transport nutrients, water and keep the plant stable in the ground.

• Roots

• Stem

• Petals

• Leaves

​LEAVES

​-Are the site of photosynthesis.

•All leaves have the same structure and function.

The topside of the leaf is where the majority of the chloroplasts are located that absorb the sunlight

The underside of the leaf contain stomata and is the site of transpiration and gas exchange.

Multiple Choice

Part of the plant that has chlorophyll

• Roots

• Flowers

• Petals

• Leaves

​STOMATA

​ When stomata open, water evaporates and gas exchanges Stomata close at night and when plant loses much water.

​GUARD CELLS

​Guard cells surround each stomata

Stomata open and close when guard cells change shape

Multiple Choice

Stomata are made of specialized cells called ______ which surround a tiny pore/opening

• stoma

• guard cells

• dermal cells

• diffusion channels

Multiple Choice

The main function of stomata is to

• capture sunlight

• protect leaves from insects

• allow gases to move rapidly in/out of leaves

• release sugars into the atmosphere

​TRANSPIRATION

​•Evaporation of water through Stomata

Multiple Choice

What is transpiration?

• Excess water being released from the aerial parts of plants in the form of water vapor

• Excess sugar being released from the leave

• The way a plant makes its food

• When the plant uses sugar for energy

Multiple Choice

Water transported from stems to leaves through what?

• xylem

• phloem

• stems

• roots

Multiple Choice

Transpiration is

• the movement of water through a plant from the roots up the stem
• the loss of water from the leaves of a plant by the process of evaporation
• the flow of water into plant roots by osmosis from the soil
• the process of minerals and sugars moving through plant veins

​PARTS OF THE FLOWER

Multiple Choice

This part of the flower makes pollen...

• Stamen
• Ovary
• Anther
• Filament

Multiple Choice

Who is known as the sticky part of the flower where pollen lands?

• Stamen
• Style
• Stigma
• Petals

Multiple Choice

This part of the plant protect the bud as it is forming a flower...

• Sepal
• Ovary
• Carpel (Pistil)
• Peduncle

Multiple Choice

This part helps transport the pollen tube from the stigma to ovary...

• Stamen
• Filament
• Ovule
• Style

Multiple Choice

Who is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary?

• Carpel
• Stamen
• Receptacle
• Sepal

Multiple Choice

Who holds up the anthers?

• Stigma
• Ovary
• Filament
• Style

Multiple Choice

This part of the flower contains the ovule?

• Petal
• Nectary
• Ovary
• Carpel

Multiple Choice

What part of the flower makes food for insects and other animals to feed on?

• Nectary
• Stigma
• Anther
• Ovary

Multiple Choice

This part of the plant is brightly colored and attracts insects?

• Nectary
• Ovary
• Stigma
• Petals

Multiple Choice

Which part of the flower contains the female gamete (egg)?

• Anther
• Filament
• Ovule
• Ovary

Multiple Choice

Which part of the plant is made up of the anther and filament?

• Carpel
• Stamen

Multiple Choice

The pistil (or carpel) is the _______ part of the flower

• Male

• Female

Multiple Choice

The stamen is the ______ part of the flower

• male

• female

Multiple Choice

This is the top part of the pistil of a flower which receives the pollen grains; germination happens here.

• petal
• sepal
• filament
• stigma

Multiple Choice

These are found inside of the ovary, they are tiny egg cells that will become seeds, also known as ______________

• ovaries

• ovules

• anthers

• sepals

Multiple Choice

This is the stalk that holds the anther.

• stamen
• stigma
• filament
• pistil