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Ch.6 The American Revolution

Ch.6 The American Revolution

Assessment

Presentation

History

8th Grade

Medium

Created by

Michael Martin

Used 39+ times

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36 Slides • 6 Questions

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Ch.6 The American Revolution

by michael martin

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​Lesson 1 The War for Independence

  • ​Key Terms

  • ​mercenary

  • ​recruit

  • ​transfer

  • ​previous

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​British Advantages

  • ​British had the most powerful navy in the world

  • ​Wealth of their empire

  • ​population of 8.5 million

  • ​well trained soldiers and officers

  • ​Offered freedom to any slaves in the colonies that joined British army.

  • ​Supported by 35% of Americans (loyalist)

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​American Advantages

  • ​Fighting on their own ground

  • ​(British had to ship soldiers and supplies thousands of miles over the Atlantic Ocean)

  • Patriots had strong motivation to fight - Independence

  • ​Good leadership - George Washington

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Mercenaries

  • The British hired and paid these professional German soldiers to help fight against the Americans.

  • ​The Americans called them "Hessians" and they fought for money not the king.

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​Early part of the war

  • ​1776 - British Army captures New York City - thousands of American soldiers surrender or retreat

  • ​Sep. 1777 - British army captures U.S. capital of Philadelphia PA. Continental Congress evacuated

  • British Navy sets a blockade on all American ports to cut off supplies into U.S.

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​Battle of Trenton NJ

  • ​On Christmas night 1776, Washington takes his army across the icy Delaware River and launched a surprise attack against the Hessians in Trenton.

  • Patriots score a huge victory and capture much needed supplies.

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​Battle of Saratoga NY

  • ​British army led by Gen. Burgoyne wants to cut the 13 colonies in half by marching through NY.

  • ​A local militia group known as the "Green Mountain Boys" attacks the British army in the woods around NY

  • American forces defeat the British at Saratoga NY Oct. 17, 1777 - surrounded the British army surrenders

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​Effects of Saratoga

  • ​After a surrender of a large British army at Saratoga NY, France decides to make an alliance with the U.S.

  • ​Saratoga becomes a turning point in the war for Independence.

  • ​Benedict Arnold starts secretly talking with the British.

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​2 - The War Continues

  • ​inflation

  • ​aid

  • ​desert

  • ​issue

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Multiple Choice

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Which of the following battles did George Washington lead his army to victory?

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Valley Forge

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Trenton NJ

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Bunker Hill

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Cowpens

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​Valley Forge

  • ​In the American Rev. armies on both sides would settle in for the winters.

  • ​This was so that soldiers could rest, train, and weather conditions were too extreme to fight.

  • George Washington camped with his American army at Valley Forge in Pennsylvania

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​Valley Forge

  • Conditions at Valley Forge were terrible for the American troops.

  • ​lack of winter clothes caused men to freeze to death.

  • lack of supplies

  • ​lack of food

  • ​disease

  • ​Many soldiers had no shoes and simply wrapped rags over their feet

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​Foreigners help Washington

  • ​American troops needed better training to fight the British.

  • ​Washington had the help of Barron Von Steuben to train his army.

  • Marquis de Lafayette - 19, from France took a small French army to help Washington and the Americans

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​Problems in the Economy

  • ​The young United States had no money at the start of the war and no power to tax.

  • ​Each of the 13 colonies issued their own money which became worthless in paper.

  • ​Inflation became common and American soldiers were paid in worthless money.

  • ​U.S. had to borrow a lot of money from France and Spain

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​3 - Battlegrounds Shift

  • ​blockade

  • ​privateer

  • ​impact

  • ​sustain

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​Fighting at sea

  • ​The American navy was very small and most ships were privateers.

  • ​The British navy was the largest in the world and had many powerful warships.

  • ​The British used their navy to blockade the east coast of the U.S.

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Multiple Choice

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Washington crossing the Charles River

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Washington crossing the Delaware River

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Washington crossing the Roanoke River

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Battle of Yorktown

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Multiple Choice

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American soldiers at Valley Forge

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Battle of Trenton

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Battle of Lexington

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Battle of Cowpens

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​Fighting at Sea

  • John Paul Jones, American captain captures the British warship Serapis.

  • ​When Jone's ship was skinking and on fire, the British demanded that he surrender.

  • ​Jone's shouted back " I have not yet begun to fight!"

  • ​Jone's kept fighting until the British surrendered their ship

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​war in the west

  • ​Battles were fought not only in the 13 states but also in the west as well.

  • Most Native Americans took the side of the British because they felt their lands would be safe.

  • George Rogers Clark led American soldiers to victory at the battle of Vincennes.

  • ​The British and Native Americans were driven back after this battle

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​The War in the South

  • The British decided to concentrate their efforts in the South due to the fact that many Loyalist lived there and would support them.

  • The British also planned to free all slaves that joined the British army in the south.

  • Many loyalist could be found living in the Carolina's and Georgia.

  • ​This support from slaves and loyalist would be enough to bring the British victory in the war...or would it

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​Fighting in the South

  • ​The British capture Savannah Georgia first.

  • ​The British then capture Charleston South Carolina and put their best general in charge - Lord Cornwallis

  • ​Cornwallis plans to march his huge army into North Carolina and into Virginia

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​The Swamp Fox

  • ​Francis Marion led a small group of patriots through the swamps and woods of South Carolina, attacking large British forces and supply wagons.

  • ​His men used guerrilla warfare fighting and would vanish in the swamps

  • ​The British never could catch him, and Marion became known as the "Swamp Fox"

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​Guerrilla warfare

  • Marion and his men in South Carolina were able to hold the British army in the South by taking away supplies Cornwallis needed to move his army.

  • ​The fighting was known as guerrilla warfare and it bought the Americans time to trap Cornwallis in Virginia.

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Multiple Choice

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Father of U.S. Navy

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Swamp Fox

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Fighting Gator

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Swamp Snake

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Multiple Choice

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John P Jones

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Francis Marion

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General Lord Charles Cornwallis

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Multiple Choice

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George Rogers Clark

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John Paul Jones

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Francis Marion

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Thomas Gates

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​4 - The Final Years

  • ​siege

  • ​ratify

  • ​ambush

  • ​strategy

  • ​pursue

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​Yorktown - Final battle

  • Conwallis and his British army are in desperate need of being resupplied so he marches his army to the coast of Virginia near the town of Yorktown.

  • ​The British supply ships are blocked off by the French navy and Cornwallis became trapped at Yorktown with 8,000 British troops, loyalist and freed slaves

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​Victory at Yorktown

  • ​Washington arrives with American and French forces and lays siege to Yorktown.

  • ​The British hold out but after several attacks by the Americans and French, the British army surrenders.

  • ​October 14, 1781 Cornwallis surrenders to Washington, the war is over.

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​Peace and Independence

  • ​King George and Parliament felt the loss of the British Army at Yorktown as the final blow.

  • ​1783, The British sign the Treaty of Paris, formally ending the war with America and France and granting America is Independence.

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