HR Diagram and The Sun

HR Diagram and The Sun

by Miss West

How to read the HR Diagram

​Dim Stars

Bright Stars

Cool Stars

Hot Stars

​___________________________

​___________________

Hot & Bright

Hot & Dim

Cool & Dim

Cool & Bright

Multiple Choice

In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?

• Stars Get Larger
• Stars get Colder
• Stars get hotter

Multiple Choice

Which star is the coldest?

• Yellow Star
• Red Star
• Orange Star
• Blue Star

Multiple Choice

Blue stars are the _____________.

• hottest
• coolest
• smallest

Multiple Choice

Which star has the lowest temperature?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

As you move from the bottom to the top of the H R diagram the __________ changes.

• Temperature
• Luminosity or Brightness

Multiple Choice

Which star is hotter than Deneb

• Procyon

• Sun

• Regel

• Banard's Star

Multiple Choice

Which star is brighter than the sun?

• Sirius B

• Procyon B

• Van Maanan's Star

• Aldebaran

Multiple Choice

Which star is brighter than Alpha Centauri B, but dimmer than the sun?

• Pollux

• Spica

• Tau Ceti

• Mira

Now you need to know the groups

​___________________________

​___________________

Hot & Bright

Hot & Dim

Cool & Dim

Cool & Bright

​Main Sequence Stars:

​Average TEMP/BRIGHTNESS

​90% of stars here

​Our Sun belongs here

White Dwarf Stars:

​Small / at the bottom left

​Hot and Dim

Giant Stars:

​Big and Bright

​Cool temp

Supergiant Stars

Biggest and Brightest

​Usually cool, always on top

Multiple Choice

Which star is considered a main sequence star?

• Vega

• Betelgeuse

• Pollux

• Van Maanan's Star

Multiple Choice

Which star is considered a giant star?

• Mira

• Zeta Arindani

• Barnard's Star

• Betelgeuse

Multiple Choice

Which star is considered a supergiant?

• Sirius B

• Sun

• Betelgeuse

• Van Maanan's Star

Multiple Choice

Which star is considered a dwarf star?

• Altair

• Procyon B

• Deneb

• Sirius

Multiple Choice

Which category is our Sun located in?

• White Dwarfs
• Supergiants
• Main Sequence
• Giants

Multiple Choice

The category that contains the most stars is...

• Main Sequence
• Supergiants
• Giants

Multiple Choice

The best description of a super giant star would be -

• hot and bright

• hot and dim

• average brightness and temp

• cool and bright

Multiple Choice

What small, hot, faint objects are found at B?

• neutron stars

• black holes

• white dwarfs

• brown dwarfs

Multiple Choice

What objects are found at C?

• Blue giants

• Red giants

• White dwarfs

• Main sequence stars

Our Sun

​Our Sun is...

• not the biggest or brightest, it's average

• a main sequence star in spectral class G

• ​Located in the outside ARM of the Milky Way

• ​THE CLOSEST STAR TO EARTH!

Multiple Choice

Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...

• Extremely Large and Cold
• Small with a medium temperature
• Medium size with medium temperature

Multiple Choice

Which category is our Sun located in?

• White Dwarfs
• Supergiants
• Main Sequence
• Giants

Multiple Choice

Which spectral class does our star, the sun, belong to?

• M
• K
• G
• F

Multiple Choice

 Which one shows the correct location of the Sun in the Milky Way galaxy?

• A
• B
• C
• none of the above

Multiple Choice

A student learns that the sun is classified as a medium-size star and that many stars are much bigger and brighter. However, the student observes that other stars look very dim, even through a telescope.

Why do other stars look much dimmer than the sun?

• The sun appear yellow, which is more visible than other colors.

• The sun is much closer to Earth than other stars are

• Other stars are made up of different gases than the sun is.

• As light from other stars travels through space, it gets reflected.

Multiple Choice

With the use of the Hubble Telescope, scientists recently discovered a giant runaway star. It is 90 times bigger than the sun and is not very hot and red in color. It is also a very bright star, how come from Earth it does not seem as bright as the sun?

• the sun is different color than the runaway star

• the sun is older than the runaway star

• the sun is closer to earth than the runaway star

• the sun is made of different elements than the runaway star

STAAR Question Time!

Multiple Choice

• Area M

• Area X

• Area P

• Area Z

Multiple Choice

• Barnard's star is less bright than the sun, has a surface temperature below 3,800 K , and is red.

• Barnard's star is less bright than the sun, has a surface temperature above 3,800 K and is red.

• Barnard's Star is brighter than the sun, has a surface temperature below 5,300 K and is yellow.

• Barnard's Star is brighter than the sun, has a surface temperature above 5,300 K, and is yellow.

Multiple Choice

The illustration provided shows four locations in or near the Milky Way Galaxy. Which of the labeled locations shows the approximate position of the Sun?

• W
• X
• Y
• Z

Multiple Choice

The spectral classes of four stars are shown in comparison with a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

Based on the information, which star is most like the sun?

• Star 1

• Star 2

• Star 3

• Star 4

Multiple Choice

Why does Earth get more energy from the sun than from all other stars in the universe combined?

• The sun is much larger than the other stars.

• The sun is much hotter than the other stars.

• The sun is much more dense than the other stars.

• The sun is much closer than the other stars.

Multiple Choice

What keeps planets in the solar system from moving in straight lines through the galaxy?

• Light energy

• Gravity

• Inertia

• Potential energy

Multiple Choice

Based on this diagram, how do the characteristics of Star 1 and Star 2 compare?

• Star 1 is cooler and less bright than Star 2.
• Star 1 is hotter and brighter than Star 2.
• Star 1 is cooler and brighter than Star 2.
• Star 1 is hotter and less bright than Star 2.