VERBS PART II

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English

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University

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Eriberta Alcaide

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25 Slides • 15 Questions

VERBS PART II

by Eriberta Alcaide

Verbs: a definition

A verb exists in relation to a subject.

It is the key and essential element of the predicate in a sentence.

The verb expresses an action or process undertaken by or undergone by the subject, or a situation defining the subject.

I. Voice

II. Mood

III. Infinities

IV. Tense

V. Person

VI. Number

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY WHETHER THE UNDERLINED VERB USED IN THE SENTENCE IS IN ACTIVE OR PASSIVE VOICE.

I mowed the lawn this morning.

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY WHETHER THE UNDERLINED VERB USED IN THE SENTENCE IS IN ACTIVE OR PASSIVE VOICE.

The money was stolen.

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY WHETHER THE UNDERLINED VERB USED IN THE SENTENCE IS IN ACTIVE OR PASSIVE VOICE.

I washed my car three weeks ago.

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE MOOD OF THE VERB USED IN THE GIVEN SENTENCE.

The river flows under the bridge.

SUBJUNCTIVE

INDICATIVE

IMPERATIVE

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE MOOD OF THE VERB USED IN THE GIVEN SENTENCE.

God bless you!

SUBJUNCTIVE

INDICATIVE

IMPERATIVE

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE MOOD OF THE VERB USED IN THE GIVEN SENTENCE.

Be nice, sweet child.

SUBJUNCTIVE

INDICATIVE

IMPERATIVE

Indicative mood is fact mood, and it's the one we use most often. It states, asks, or denies a fact.

Imperative mood is "bossy" mood—it's used to give commands or to advise or beg someone to do something

The subjunctive mood is used to express suggestions, recommendations, advice, demands, wishes, and doubts.

We demanded that he stop setting off the fire alarm at school.

It is imperative that she leave right away.

Mandative Subjunctive

The mandative subjunctive is used for recommendations, demands, suggestions, requests, and advice.

MANDATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE

HYPOTHETICAL SUBJUNCTIVE STATEMENTS

INFINITIVES

An infinitive is the most basic form of a verb. It is “unmarked” (which means that it is not conjugated for tense or person), and it is preceded by the particle to.

INFINITIVES as NOUNS

Subjects

The subject performs, occupies, or controls the action of the verb.

• “To err is human; to forgive is divine.”

• “To study mathematics at Harvard was her ultimate dream.”

• “To live in the city means adjusting to a completely different lifestyle.”

INFINITIVES as NOUNS: OBJECTS

As direct objects

. • “I’m not going unless you agree to go with me.”

• “You appear to be correct.”

• “Please be quiet; I’m trying to study.”

• “They’re attempting to solve the equation.”

• “Let me know if you decide to leave early.”

• “We hope to go in the near future.”

• “We rarely manage to get out of the house for the night.”

INFINITIVES as NOUNS: OBJECTS

As objects in reported speech

• “He asked to help us fix the car.”

• “She said not to answer the phone.”

• “He demanded to speak to the manager.”

• “They offered to take me to the airport.”

• “I promised to buy her a diamond ring.”

• “He threatened to report me to the police if I didn’t give him back the money.

INFINITIVES as NOUNS: OBJECTS

As object complements

• “I don’t expect you to approve of my decision.”

• “She’s forcing me to work through the weekend.”

• “We need you to make a few more copies.”

• “Janet’s father wants her to go to Harvard.”

• “I would like the boss to see these reports.”

• “He persuaded me to marry him.”

• “They taught me (how) to work the photocopier.”

GERUNDS vs. INFINITIVES

INFINITIVES as ADJECTIVES

• “I started running to improve my health.”

• “We must leave now in order to catch our train.”

• “He’s been studying all week so as to improve his grades.”

INFINITIVES as ADVERBS

• “This is a good place to start reading.”

• “Give your brother something to play with.”

• “Find a friend to help you study.”

LONE INFINITIVES

• Speaker A: “Why are you going to New York?”

• Speaker B: “To see the Empire State Building.”

• Speaker A: “Why did you turn on the TV?”

• Speaker B: “To watch the news.”

VERB STEM

The verb stem is the part that appears in all the forms and stands for the general or fundamental meaning, which the other elements modify by adding a specific setting.

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of infinitives?

They cannot conjugate for tense or person

They can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb

They are preceded by the word to

All of these

None of these

Multiple Select

Which of the following is not something an infinitive can function as?

The subject of a clause

The main verb of a clause

The direct object of a verb

An adverb modifying a verb

Multiple Choice

True or False: Infinitives and gerunds are always interchangeable as direct objects of verbs

TRUE

FALSE

Multiple Select