S6B L5 U9.3 Grammar 2 Participle clasues

S6B L5 U9.3 Grammar 2 Participle clauses

by Michael Cousins

Multiple Select

Which is the "non-defining relative clauses"?

• This is the guy who wants to buy your sofa.

• That guy over there, who is standing next to the fridge, wants to buy your sofa.

• We want to see the new Tom Carter film, which was released on Friday.

• We are the ones who want to see the new Tom Carter film.

Multiple Choice

Define defining.

• Defining means to add no clarity to understanding.

• Defining means you need something to make something whole.

• Defining means that there is something there which makes something clear.

• Defining means something that is really loud, and now you can't hear.

Open Ended

So, define non-defining.

​Non-defining clauses

​So non-defining clauses do not define the meaning of the sentence. They do not make the sentence any clearer. The sentence, without the non-defining clause, has meaning and clarity already.

​

​So all they do, is add extra information. It may be important, but that does not impact whether the sentence is clear or not.

Multiple Choice

define participle

• verb + ing

• verb + ed

• irregular verb used in the past

• none of these

​Yes, they ARE examples of participles

​But they do not define participles.

​Something common about the participles is they are all interacting with verbs. So participles need to act on a verb.

​But if something acts on another, it manipulates the original, in this case, the participle manipulates the verb. Manipulation is like an art, which is done on objects, which means the participle is acting like an adjective.

​What are they manipulating?

​They are manipulating the time perception of the listener. From the everyday memory of the action, to the present (now) or the past memory of the action.

​Participle clauses

​They are similar to defining relative clauses & give us more information about someone or something.

​

Open Ended

There are two types of participles. The present (verb+___) & the past (verb+__) (or irregular). [3L,_2L]

Multiple Choice

A man was holding a red briefcase and he walked into the meeting room.

• The subject of both verbs is the same.

• The subject of both verbs is different.

Multiple Choice

The candidate was asked a difficult question and he didn't know how to reply.

• The subject of both verbs is the same.

• The subject of both verbs is different.

Multiple Choice

We use the _______ participle when the verb is active.

• present

• past

Multiple Select

Which sentence has a present participle in the active voice?

• A man was holding a red briefcase and he walked into the meeting room.

• Holding a red briefcase, a man walked into the meeting room.

• The candidate was asked a difficult question and he didn't know how to reply.

• Asked a difficult question, the candidate didn't know how to reply.

Multiple Select

Which sentence has a past participle in the passive voice?

• A man was holding a red briefcase and he walked into the meeting room.

• Holding a red briefcase, a man walked into the meeting room.

• The candidate was asked a difficult question and he didn't know how to reply.

• Asked a difficult question, the candidate didn't know how to reply.

Multiple Select

Which sentences have participle clauses?

• A man was holding a red briefcase and he walked into the meeting room.

• Holding a red briefcase, a man walked into the meeting room.

• The candidate was asked a difficult question and he didn't know how to reply.

• Asked a difficult question, the candidate didn't know how to reply.

Fill in the Blank

We use the _______ participle when the verb is passive.

Multiple Choice

In participle clauses, you can use one subject and verb if the subject in both clauses was the same.

• True

• False

Fill in the Blank

A participle can also be used to replace a relative pronoun and verb.

"University graduates who applied for jobs might be lucky". [Type the relative pronoun & verb]

Fill in the Blank

"The positions which were advertised last month have been filled.". [Type the relative pronoun & verb]

Fill in the Blank

Complete using a present participle.

"University graduates who applied for jobs might be lucky".

complete: University graduates...

Fill in the Blank

Complete using a past participle.

"University graduates who applied for jobs might be lucky".

complete: The positions...

Multiple Choice

...the newspaper that morning, Benny learned that his friend was in jail.

• Reading...

• read...

Multiple Choice

...to her teacher, she applied to the local university.

• Having spoken...

• After spoken...

Multiple Choice

Students...to take part in the event must put their names down before the end of the week.

• ...wishing...

• ...wished...

Multiple Choice

I'm interested in buying the car ... on your webpage.

• ...advertising...

• ...advertised...

Multiple Choice

... able to speak German, I asked Rudy to translate for me.

• Not being...

• Not been...

Multiple Choice

The ... on the table is my aunt Agatha.

• ...woman dancing...

• ...who dancing...

Fill in the Blank

Lionel was gossiping about the manager and he didn't hear her walk in.

re-write. Replace the italics words.

Fill in the Blank

Our manager spoke to the staff who work at a different branch.

re-write. Replace the italics words.

Fill in the Blank

Tom was unable to provide references and he wasn't hired.

re-write. Replace the italics words.

Fill in the Blank

The venue which had been chosen for the conference was cleaned.

re-write. Replace the italics words.

Fill in the Blank

The employee was fired on the spot and he left immediately.

re-write. Replace the italics words.

Fill in the Blank

The person who was shouting in the shop was a customer.

re-write. Replace the italics words.

Multiple Choice

Nice one! That is the end of the lesson. (select the false one).

• True

• False

• Not false

• Not untrue.