THE GLOBAL CITIES

UNDERSTANDING GLOBAL CITIES

Multiple Select

Were you able to travel outside the Philippines?

• YES

• NOT YET

Open Ended

What is your ultimate dream country or destination?

​WHAT IS A CITY?

​A city is a large human settlement which serves as a center of population,  commerce, and culture.

​CITIES

• ​Cities typically have extensive  systems for housing, transportation,  sanitation, utilities, land use, and  communication.

• However, what qualifies as a city for  one country may not qualify as a city  for another country. Each country has  their own set of qualifications.​

• For example, the Philippines uses locally generated income (P100 million or more),  land area (100 km2 or more), and population (150,000 residents or more) as criteria to  qualify as a city. But in Japan, they have their own criteria. Both the Philippines and  Japan use population as a criterion. However, Japan only needs 30,000 residents to  satisfy the population criterion.

​Philippine Hierachy of Communities

​GLOBAL CITIES

Multiple Choice

Who popularized the term “global city” in the 1900’s ?

• Marshall Mcluhan

• Arjun Appadurai

• Saskia Sassen

​WHAT IS A GLOBAL CITY?

• ​A global city is a city that plays a significant role in the global economic system.

• It serves as a center for economic activity in a network of interconnected cities.

Multiple Choice

The global city can either be a place of commerce where production, manufacturing or distribution of goods and services from the said city trade to the rest of world.

• TRUE

• FALSE

​GLOBAL CITIES

• In a manner of speaking, global cities are places where multiple  globalization processes take concrete and localized forms.

• It provides a network that connects different cities to each other.

• One experiences globalization in its greatest form when one is in  a global city. It has emerged as a strategic site for a wide range  of interconnected operations – economic, political, cultural, and  so on.

Multiple Select

Global Cities.

• TOKYO

• SHANGHAI

• NEW YORK

• LONDON

Multiple Select

Check that applies: Global Cities Key indicators

• Skyscrapers

• Large metropolitan area

• personal wealth; e.g., number of billionaires

Multiple Choice

Reduction of green spaces with in cities is one of the ill effects of global cities.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Sassen’s Global City Model Hypotheses

• ​Economic activities are dispersed from global cities to other territories. But  these dispersed economic activities are closely integrated and facilitated  by a corporate center despite the geographical separation. Global cities  house these corporate centers.

• ​Because the functions of corporate centers become so complex, they may  resort to outsourcing. This creates another link between global cities and  other global cities or even global cities and smaller cities and towns.

Sassen’s Global City Model Hypotheses

• Within global cities exist specialized service firms. Due to the complexity of the  services they provide, these firms may resort to agglomeration. Agglomeration (or  business clustering) is where businesses group together for purpose of  increasing each other’s productivity making them more competitive at a global  and national level.

• ​The more headquarters outsource their most complex, unstandardized functions,  particularly those subject to uncertain and changing markets, the freer they are to  opt for any location.

Sharon Zukin’s Criteria for Global Cities

Sharon Zukin (1998) considered New York, London and Paris as global cities because these cities are at the top of cultural innovation and are attractive to tourists. Tourists are a constant and visible presence in the global cities are the only people full devoted to cosmopolitan consumption during their short, hyper-mobile-unreality known as overseas holiday.

​Global City Power City Index by the Japanese Mori Foundation Criteria for Global Cities

​In 2017, the Japanese Mori Foundation published the Global City Power Index that indicated 6 criteria for Global Cities. These criteria are: economy, research and development, cultural interaction, livability, environment and accessibility. The top global cities cited in the report are: New York, London, Paris, Tokyo and Singapore

Multiple Select

Check all that applies: What are the salient features of Global Cities?

• International and national connectivity

• International cuisine

• International Infrastructure

• International Culture

• Global Economic and political importance

​COSMOPOLITANISM

​Cosmopolitanism is a phenomenon most readily associated with the global city: large, diverse cities attract people, material and cultural products all over the world. Cultural diversity is a key marker of the global city and a consequence of human mobility and migration. Urban cultural diversity is a creative mirror to the paradox of economic polarization because cities continue to attract the extremes of poor, migrant and footloose populations, but also the affluent and the super-rich. The presence of the professional class led to gentrification or the process of social class polarization and residential segregation of the affluent to the poor.

Multiple Choice

Global cities also have their undersides. They can be sites of great inequality and poverty as well as tremendous violence.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Select

What are the challenges of Global Cities

• Inequality

• Technology

• Resources

• Environmental Threats

• Governance