Developing Reading Skills - Part 1

​Developing Reading Skills - Part 1

• ​Approaches to reading

• ​Reading comprehension

  • ​Skimming and scanning

  • ​Distinguishing main ideas and supporting details

  • ​Recognising sense relationships

  • ​Sequencing ideas and events

  • ​Relating cause and effect

  • ​Comparing and contrasting

  • ​Eliciting facts and details

  • ​Making inferences

  • ​Predicting outcomes

  • ​Drawing conclusions

​What does this text say? How did you process its meaning?

Poll

How did you try to understand the meaning of the previous text?

• I use my background knowledge of the world.

• I look at clues in the text.

• I rely on both my background knowledge and the clues in the text.

​Approaches to reading

​Skimming for main idea

​= reading quickly to get a general idea

​ Look out for key words. Think about the meaning of the text.

Scanning for specific information

​= reading quickly to find specific information

​Let your eyes move quickly across the text until you find what you're looking for.

​Reading Comprehension

• ​Skimming and scanning

• ​Distinguishing main ideas and supporting details

• ​Eliciting facts and details

Draw

Which is the main idea? Which are the supporting details?

Draw

Which is the main idea? Which are the supporting details?

Multiple Choice

Which statement best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?

• Writing is not easy.

• There are various ways to deal with writer’s block.

• Talking about what you are trying to write may help you

  break out of a writing snag.

• Write easier sections of the paper first and come back later

  to a harder section.

• ​Synonymy = a word which has the same sense or nearly the same as another word, e.g. deep/profound

• ​Antonymy = a word having a meaning opposite to that of another word, e.g. long/short

• ​Homonymy = words written in the same way and sound alike but have different meanings, e.g. ball, bank

• ​Hyponymy = the meaning of one word includes the meaning of the other word, e.g.

​Reading Comprehension

• ​Recognising sense relationships

Multiple Choice

As they moved westward, early pioneers faced many tribulations, such as scarce food, extreme weather, and loneliness.

Tribulations means

• criminals

• hard decisions

• great difficulties

Fill in the Blank

That five-year-old girl must have innate musical talent; playing the piano so well at her age requires an inborn gift.

What is the synonym that tells you the meaning of the word innate?

Fill in the Blank

What is the antonym that tells you the meaning of the word indolent?

Fill in the Blank

A memo that is brief and to the point is more likely to be read than one that is verbose.

What is the antonym that helps you figure out the meaning of the word verbose?

Multiple Choice

A memo that is brief and to the point is more likely to be read than one that is verbose.

What is the meaning of verbose?

• argumentative

• wordy

• short

Multiple Choice

It took two days for volunteers to extricate the little girl from the bottom of the well.

Extricate means

• free

• delay

• remember

TWO major patterns of organisation:

1. ​Emphatic order, i.e. the list of items pattern

2. Chronological order, i.e. the time order pattern​

​Reading Comprehension

• Sequencing ideas and events

Fill in the Blank

Arrange the following sentences in an order that makes sense.

Type your answers like this: ABCD

Fill in the Blank

Arrange the following sentences in logical order.

Type your answers like this: ABC

To show why something happens or the effects of something that has happened

​

​Reading Comprehension

• Relating cause and effect

Fill in the Blank

Arrange the following sentences in logical order.

Type your answers like this: ABC

To show how two things are alike or how they are different, or both

​

​Reading Comprehension

• Comparing and contrasting

Fill in the Blank

Arrange the following sentences in logical order.

Type your answers like this: ABC

= ​Ideas that are not stated directly

​

Guidelines

1. Never lose sights of available information.

2. Use your background​ information and experience to help you in making inferences.

3. ​Consider the alternatives.

​Reading Comprehension

• Making inferences

• ​Predicting outcomes

• ​Drawing conclusions

Multiple Choice

Which inference is more logically based on the information in this cartoon?

• The man was probably working on a home improvement or repair project.

• The man deliberately ruined the woman’s pan.

Multiple Choice

Which inference is more logically based on the information in this cartoon?

• The man realizes that the woman is angry at him for using her good pan as a hammer.

• The woman is upset that the man has used her pan as a hammer

Multiple Choice

Which inference is more firmly based on the information in this passage?

• Johnson’s neighbor had children who took care of the rabbit.

• Fido had probably dug up the rabbit’s grave.

Multiple Choice

Which inference is more firmly based on the information in this passage?

• The neighbor was convinced that Johnson had dug up the rabbit.

• Jim Johnson assumed his dog had killed the rabbit.

• The rabbit had been very sick.

Open Ended

What does the boy think about his sister? Why do you say so?

Steps in reading a table / graph / chart

1. Read the title.

2. ​Check the source.

3. ​Read any captions at the top, the side, or underneath that tell exactly what each column, line, bar, number, or other item represents.

​Reading Comprehension

• Making inferences

• ​Predicting outcomes

• ​Drawing conclusions

Multiple Choice

Which inference is more logically based on the table?

• The older students get, the more they tend to binge.

• In general, students who live in fraternities or sororities drink more heavily than students who live elsewhere.

Multiple Choice

Which inference is more logically based on the table?

• Most college students who binge are unaware of the true extent of their drinking.

• Bingeing is not popular among college athletes.

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