2nd 9wks Science Study Guide

2nd 9wks Science Study Guide

by Kadi Bishop

​What is a physical change?

​ A change in matter which does not alter the chemical properties of the matter.

Multiple Choice

What is the example of the physical change?

• Burning firewood

• Rotting Banana

• Pencil breaking

Multiple Choice

What kind of change is a melting popsicle?

​What is a chemical change?

​A chemical change happens when one chemical substance is transformed into one or more different substances, such as when iron becomes rust.

Multiple Choice

What kind of change is burning wood?

Multiple Choice

What kind of change is exploding fireworks?

Multiple Choice

What kind of change is baking a cake?

​Potential Energy

​potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to some zero position.

Multiple Choice

What kind of energy is in a rock at the edge of a cliff?

• Potential
• Kinetic

Multiple Choice

What kind of energy is in a stretched rubber band?

• Potential
• Kinetic

Multiple Choice

Explain what happens to the potential energy of a rock as it falls off the side of a cliff.

• The kinetic energy decreases as the potential energy increases.
• The kinetic energy decreases as the potential energy decreases.
• The potential energy decreases as the kinetic energy increases.
• The potential energy decreases as the kinetic energy decreases. 

Multiple Choice

Click to look at the picture.
The picture is demonstrating an example of ______ . 

• gravity
• speed
• kinetic energy
• potential energy

Multiple Choice

An apple sitting on the edge of the table.

• Potential

• Kinetic

​Acceleration

​the rate of change of velocity per unit of time.

​Friction

​the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.

Multiple Choice

Which surface below would require the most friction?

• ice

• metal

• concrete

• cotton

Multiple Choice

Which type of surface would create the least friction?

• concrete

• glass

• rubber

• sandpaper

​Newtons

​The unit used to measure the force applied to an object.

​Kinetic Energy

​Energy that is released when an object is moving.

Multiple Choice

The faster an object moves, the ________ kinetic energy it has. 

• more
• less
• none of the above
• all of the above 

Multiple Choice

What would have the greatest kinetic energy?

• A car driving down a hill.
• A person running down a hill. 
• A ball rolling down a hill. 

Multiple Choice

Which is the best example that something has kinetic energy?

• a. a car parked on a steep hill 
• b. a tennis ball rolling across the court
• c. a picture hanging on the wall 
• d. a piece of coal before it's burned 

Multiple Choice

What is kinetic energy?

• energy of work
• energy of motion
• energy of gravity
• energy of power

​balanced force

​When two forces are applied with the same amount of force moving in the opposite direction making a balanced force with no movement.

Multiple Choice

this force is ___________ and there will be 

• unbalanced, no movement
• balanced, movement to the left
• balanced, no movement

Multiple Choice

Why is the egg NOT moving before Zoe hits the pan?

• forces are balanced
• forces are unbalanced
• there are no forces
• none of these

Multiple Choice

When Izzy and Zoe pull on the rope with the same amount of force, the forces are ________.

• increased
• unbalanced
• balanced
• decreased

​Unbalanced Force

​When two forces are applied in the same direction on an object the object shows movement. Or if two forces move in opposite directions and one force has a larger unit of force than the other force then the object will also have an unbalanced force and show movement.

Multiple Choice

These forces are...

• Balanced

• Unbalanced

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true? 

• Balanced forces cause a change in motion. 
• Unbalanced forces cause a change in motion. 
• Forces do not effect the change in motion. 

Multiple Choice

Why did Izzy fall when playing tug of war?

• he tripped
• unbalanced forces
• balanced forces
• he was pushed

​Contact Force

​When you have to make contact with another object or touch the object.

Multiple Choice

These two forces require direct contact between two objects.

• friction and grvity

• gravity and magnetism

• friction and applied force

• friction and magnetism

​Gravity Force

​A force that pulls object down to the center of the Earth.

Multiple Choice

What type of force causes a sky diver to fall towards the ground?

• friction

• gravity

• magnetism

• applied force

Multiple Choice

Gravity and friction are types of __________.

• motion

• objects

• magnetism

• forces

​Reversible and Irreversible

​Reversible-capable of being reversed so that the previous state or situation is restored.

​

​

​Irreversible -unable to return back to the previous state of matter.

​Mass

​a large body of matter with no definite shape.

Multiple Choice

Anything made of matter must _____________________.

• take up space and have mass
• have mass and be a solid
• be a solid and not move
• take up space and be a liquid

​Weight

• T​he force exerted on the mass of a body by a gravitational field.

• a unit or system of units used for expressing how much an object or quantity of matter weighs.

• a heavy object used to give an impulse or act as a counterweight in a mechanism.

Multiple Choice

What do you use to measure the mass of an object?

​Mixture

​made up of two or more elements that can still be separated and does not change its state of matter when mixed together.

Multiple Choice

What are mixtures?

• different materials placed together but keeping their own properties

• a mixture in which substances spread out evenly and will not settle

• the degree to which a material will dissolve in another substance

• the substance in a solution that has the greatest amount

• the substance in a solution that has the least amount

​Solution

​Is a mixture created with a liquid solute and a solvent that dissolves into solute creating a solution.

Multiple Choice

What is a solution?

• different materials placed together but keeping their own properties

• a mixture in which substances spread out evenly and will not settle

• the degree to which a material will dissolve in another substance

• the substance in a solution that has the greatest amount

• the substance in a solution that has the least amount

Multiple Choice

What is solubility?

• different materials placed together but keeping their own properties

• a mixture in which substances spread out evenly and will not settle

• the degree to which a material will dissolve in another substance

• the substance in a solution that has the greatest amount

• the substance in a solution that has the least amount

Multiple Choice

What is a solvent?

• different materials placed together but keeping their own properties

• a mixture in which substances spread out evenly and will not settle

• the degree to which a material will dissolve in another substance

• the substance in a solution that has the greatest amount

• the substance in a solution that has the least amount

Multiple Choice

What is a solute?

• different materials placed together but keeping their own properties

• a mixture in which substances spread out evenly and will not settle

• the degree to which a material will dissolve in another substance

• the substance in a solution that has the greatest amount

• the substance in a solution that has the least amount

​freezes

​The point when a liquid turns into a solid from getting too cold.

Multiple Choice

What kind of change is freezing water into ice cubes?

​Boiling is the vaporization on liquid when it is heated to its boiling point.

​melts when a solid object is heated into a liquid state of matter

Multiple Choice

Melting

• change of state from solid to liquid

• change of state from liquid to solid

​evaporation is a way to separate a mixture when heated to its boiling point vaporizing the water droplets into the air.

Multiple Choice

Which process would you use to separate a solid that has dissolved in a liquid solution. The solution is heated or left uncovered until the liquid turns to gas and leave the solid behind.

• Evaporation

• Magnetic Attraction

• Filtration

• Floatation

• Sifting

Multiple Choice

All of these can be separated easily EXCEPT -

• nuts, bolts, and screws

• powdered drink mix, sugar and water

• sand and water

• iron filings and sand

​sifter an object used to separate a mixture with large and small parts.

​magnet object used to separate a mixture when you need to take out metals.

Multiple Choice

Which tools are best for separating a mixtures of sand, iron filings, and water?

• Hot plate and filter

• Tweezers and filter

• Filter and magnet

• Magnet and hot plate

Multiple Choice

Complete the sentence below

Magnets

• attract.

• repel.

• attract and repel.

• do none of the above.

Multiple Choice

_________ is the force of attraction that causes certain objects to attract and/or repel each other.

• magnetism

• gravity

• friction

• applied force

​sieve to separate a mixture with finer substances that are very small.

Multiple Choice

Which process would you use to separate smaller solid particles from larger solid particles. A mixture of different sized solids is put into a container that has a screen material at the bottom with certain sized holes in it. The smaller particles go through the screen and the larger ones do not.

• Evaporation

• Magnetic Attraction

• Filtration

• Floatation

• Sifting

​filter used to separate a liquid mixture from other substances.

Multiple Choice

Which mixture can be separated using a filter?

• sand and iron filings

• saltwater

• sand and water

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

A cup of orange juice with pulp is poured into a glass. Which of these procedures could be done to separate the juice from the pulp?

• pour the juice through a coffee filter

• heat the juice in a pot until boiling

• pour the juice in another cup

• allow the mixture to settle, leaving the pulp at the bottom of the glass

​distance is how far an object or person travels.

​Speed is how fast something is moving

​constant speed the rate at which an object moves at the same speed and direction.

Multiple Choice

Which graph shows the object moving at a constant speed?

• Graph 1

• Graph 2

• Graph 3

• Graph 4

Multiple Choice

Which describes the movement of the object?

• the object speeds up as it moves

• the object starts and ends at the same place

• the object moves at a constant speed then slows doen

• the object moves at a constant speed

​No Movement when the object does not show any movement.

Multiple Choice

Between which section did the bus stop?

• A - B

• O - B

• B - C

• D - E

​vertical moves up and down in a straight line from north to south.

horizontal moves left to right or side to side in a straight line.

Multiple Choice

Which graph shows the object has stopped?

• Graph 1

• Graphe2

• Graph 3

• Graph 4

​opposes

​Means opposite of something

​motion when the object shows movement.

Multiple Choice

___________ is the act of applying force to move something away from you.

• A pull

• A push

• both

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What type of force is being shown in the picture?

• friction

• gravity

• magnetism

• applied force

​non contact is a force which acts on an object without coming physically in contact with it.

Multiple Choice

These two forces do not require direct contact between two objects.

• friction and gravity

• gravity and magnetism

• friction and applied force

• magnetism and applied force

​increased when something goes up or shows growth.

​decreased when something goes down

Multiple Choice

a ball is kicked across a sidewalk and onto a road covered in small rocks. Which best describes the effect the rocky road will have on the ball?

• the rocky road will decrease the speed of the ball because of its mass

• the rocky road will increase the speed of the ball because of it mass

• the rocky road will increase the speed of the ball because of friction

• the rocky road will decrease the speed of the ball because of friction

​solar energy is energy that comes from the sun and solar means sun.

Multiple Choice

What is it called when A solid goes to a liquid?

• Melting

• Freezing

• Boiling

• Condensation

Multiple Choice

Does butter melt?

• Yes

• No

• None of the above

• All of the above