Mutations

Mutations

by Test Test

Multiple Choice

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and complicated

• it's in everything

• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

• because we eat it everyday for energy

Multiple Choice

What is a mutation?

• a temporary change in the sequence of the DNA inside a cell

• a permanent change in the sequence of the DNA inside a cell

• a virus that attacks the DNA inside a cell

• a bacteria that attacks the DNA inside a cell

Multiple Choice

All mutations are bad.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What kind of mutations exist?

• Neutral mutations

• Beneficial mutations

• Harmful mutations

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What do harmful mutations do?

• Decrease the chances of survival

• Increase the chances of survival

• Decreases likelihood of developing cancer

• Increases likelihood of developing cancer

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a harmful mutation?

• Developing cancer

• Makes the organism faster

• Makes the organism a predator

• Develops sharp claws

Multiple Choice

What do beneficial mutations do?

• Decreases chances of survival

• Increases chances of survival

• Increases chances of developing cancer

• Decreases skills

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

• Developing cancer

• Having sickle cell anemia

• Being able to run faster

• Having freckles

Multiple Choice

What is a neutral mutation?

• a change in DNA that helps an organism survive in its environment

• a change in DNA that does not affect an organism

• a change in DNA that causes disease, disorder, or other negative impacts

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a neutral mutation?

• Having no wisdom teeth

• Cystic Fibrosis

• Better camouflage

• Developing cancer

Multiple Choice

A person with red hair

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A person with increased bone density = stronger, denser bones

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A person that develops Huntington's Disease = progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A person has a mutation that protects them from developing atherosclerosis = the buildup of fatty materials in blood vessels

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

An organism with two different colored eyes

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A person that develops hemophilia = bleed longer after an injury or surgery

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A person who is born with Down Syndrome = physical and mental abnormalities

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A mutation in a bacteria that allow them to survive in the presence of antibiotic drugs

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Multiple Choice

A man becomes bald early in life

• Beneficial mutation

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

Open Ended

What do you think can cause mutations?

Multiple Choice

Mutations create genetic diversity.

• True

• False

More On Mutations...​

This is NOT in your lessons!​

Multiple Choice

When grandma's cookie recipe changed from 1 cup of brown sugar to 10 cup of brown sugar, this is an example of a __________ mutation.

• insertion

• deletion

• substitution

Multiple Choice

When grandma's cookie recipe changed from 2 cups chocolate chips to 2 chocolate chips this is an example of a __________ mutation.

• insertion

• deletion

• duplication

Multiple Choice

When grandma's cookie recipe changed from 350 degrees to 550 degrees, this is an example of a _________ mutation

• deletion

• substitution

• insertion

​DNA

Open Ended

Any guesses as to what an INSERTION mutation could mean?

​Insertion Mutation

​Adds a piece of DNA

​

​Changes the number of DNA bases in a gene

​

​Example: Huntington's Disease

Open Ended

Any guesses as to what an DELETION mutation could mean?

​Deletion Mutation

​Removes a piece of DNA

​

​Changes the number of DNA bases in a gene

​

​Example: Cystic Fibrosis

Insertions or deletions may be small (one or few bases) or large (an entire gene, several genes, a section of a chromosome)​

Open Ended

Any guesses as to what a SUBSTITUTION mutation could mean?

​Substitution Mutations

​There is an exchange between two bases

​

​Example: Sickle Cell Anemia

Multiple Choice

ATT TGA GCC- Original

ATT GAG CC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

• Insertion

• Substitution

• Deletion

• No mutation

Multiple Choice

Normal- GAG-CTC-TAC-AGA

Mutated- GAG CTC-CAC-AGA

• no mutation
• substitution
• insertion
• deletion

Multiple Choice

Normal- GAG-CTC-CAC-AGA

New- GAG CTC-CAC-AGA

• no mutation
• substitution
• insertion
• deletion

Multiple Choice

Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?

• deletion
• insertion
• substitution

• no mutation

Multiple Choice

Original DNA: CAT GAT

MutatedDNA: CAT AT

What mutation occurred?

• deletion
• substitution 
• insertion

• no mutation