1st Semester Phonics Review

1st Semester Phonics Review

by Amanda Delperdang

​Beginning Blends

​two letters that say two seperate sounds

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​examples:

​bl, cl, fl, gl, pl, sl

​br, dr, dr, fr, gr, pr, shr, tr, thr

​sm, sn, sp, st, sw

​Consonant Diagraphs

​two letters that make one sound

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​examples:

ch, sh, th, ph, wh

Open Syllable

​when a vowel is at the end of a word or syllable it says it's long sound

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​examples:

​so, be, me

​poem, banjo

​Closed Syllables

​when a vowel is surrounded by consonants it says it's short sound

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​examples

​cat, slip, chop

​napkin, juggle, chopstick

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​Y as a Vowel

​Y is a vowel when it is in the middle or end of a word. In the middle it will say the long or short i sound. At the end of words, it will say the long i or long e sound.

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​middle examples:

​gym, nylon

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​end long i examples:

​sky, my, fly

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​end long e examples:

​happy, silly, suddenly

​Soft c and g

​c and g change their sound when they are before an i or e

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​soft c examples:

​city, decide, place

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​soft g examples:

​stage, germ, giraffe

​-dge rule

​Short vowel words ending with -ge need to have an d added before the g to keep the vowel safe.

​

​example:

​judge, budge, fudge

​

​

​Floss Rule

​Short vowel one syllable words that end with -f, -l, -s, or -z double the last letter.

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​examples:

​cliff, fall, miss, buzz

​-ck Rule

​Short vowel one syllable words ending with a /k/ sound have to be written with a -ck to keep the vowel safe.

​

​examples:

​kick, backpack, slick

​R Controlled Vowels

​when a vowel comes before an r the r takes over the vowel's sound

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​ar examples:

​car, star, smart

​ir examples:

​bird, girl

​ur examples:

​burn, church

​er examples:

​winter, sister, teacher

​or examples:

​corn, orchard, mortified

​A Vowel Teams

​when two vowels go walking the first one does the talking and says it's long sound

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​ai examples (always at the beginning or middle)

​tail, mailman

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​ay examples (always at the end)

​play, birthday

​O Vowel Teams

​​when two vowels go walking the first one does the talking and says it's long sound

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​oa examples (always at the beginning and middle)

​boat, oatmeal, oar

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​ow examples (usually at the end if it says o)

​snow, flow, grown

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​oe examples (always at the end)

​toe, doe

I Vowel Teams

​​when two vowels go walking the first one does the talking and says it's long sound

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​ie examples (always at the end)

​tie, die, lie

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​igh examples

​light, sigh, fright

​E Vowel Teams

​​when two vowels go walking the first one does the talking and says it's long sound

​

​ea examples: team, heal, scream

​ee examples: queen, cheese

​ie examples: field, chief

​ey examples: key, honey, monkey