Unit 6 - Genetics and Epigenetics Vocab

By Missy Jones

Unit 6 - Genetics and Epigenetics Vocab

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One or more forms of a Gene.

​Allele

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An Allele is one or more forms of a ________________.

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process in multicellular organisms in which a less-specialized cell acquires specific differences during development; acquisition of these differences is the result of gene expression

Cell differentiation

Multiple Choice

Cell differentiation is a process that occurs in what type of organisms?

• Unicellular

• Multicellular

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the study of factors that affect gene expression that are not directly linked to nucleotide sequence in genetic material

Epigenetics

Multiple Choice

Epigenetics is the the study of factors that affect gene expression that are not directly linked to what?

• Nucleotide Sequence

• Genes

• Lactic Acid

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 inheritable unit of information in DNA

Gene

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Gene information is found in _____________.

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process by which information encoded in a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, such as a protein, which results in the phenotypic manifestation of the gene

Gene Expression

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Gene Expression encodes information into what>

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the study of the processes and results of inherited traits

Genetics

Multiple Choice

Genetics is the study of processes and results of what?

• Inherited Traits

• Life

• Rocks

• Stars

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allele combination for a trait

Genotype

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The allele combination for a trait is what?

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a two-part cell division process in organisms that sexually reproduce, which results in gametes with one-half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell

Meiosis

Multiple Choice

A two part cell division process that occurs in organisms that sexually reproduce.

• Cellular Respiration

• Mitosis

• Photosynthesis

• Meiosis

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an observable trait or characteristic

Phenotype

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An observable trait or characteristic is called what?

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tool (model) used to indicate all possible genotypic outcomes of a particular cross or breeding experiment and to calculate genotypic and phenotypic probabilities in offspring

Punnett Square

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Chromosomes that make up a pair, one chromosome from each parent

Homologous Chromosomes

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Homologous Chromosomes are chromosomes that make up a _________, one chromosome from each parent.

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Cell with n number of chromosomes

Haploid Cell

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Haploid cells have ___ number of chromosomes.

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A cell that contains 2n number of chromosomes

Diploid Cell

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Diploid cells contain _____ number of chromosomes.

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an organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait

Homozygous

Multiple Choice

An organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait

• Heterozygous

• Diploid

• Homozygous

• Haploid

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an organism with two different alleles for a particular trait

Heterozygous

Multiple Choice

An organism with two different alleles for a particular trait

• Heterozygous

• Diploid

• Homozygous

• Haploid

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a diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through several generations.

Pedigree

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A pedigree is a __________ that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through several generations

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when pairs of homologous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size to produce a micrograph

Karyotype

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female

XX Chromosomes

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Chromosomes that indicate female

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male

XY Chromosomes

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Chromosomes that indicate male