Participle Review

Participle Review

by Amanda Pagnotta

​English Translation

​There are 3 types of participles in Latin:

​

​present active throwing, while throwing

​

​perfect passive having been thrown, after being thrown

​

​future active about to throw

​Present Active Participle

​Formation:

​

​present stem

​+

​imperfect connecting vowels (a, e, e, ie, ie)

​+

​-ns, -ntis

​follows the 3rd declension

​Present Active Participle

​ m/f n

​nom iaciens iaciens

​gen iacientis iacientis

​dat iacienti iacienti

​acc iacientem iaciens

​abl iaciente/i iaciente/i

​nom iacientes iacientia

​gen iacientium iacientium

​dat iacientibus iacientibus

​acc iacientes iacientia

​abl iacientibus iacientibus

Multiple Choice

iacientem

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

Multiple Choice

iacientibus

• nominative

• genitive

• dativei/ablative

• accusative

Multiple Choice

iacientium

• nominative

• genitive

• dativei/ablative

• accusative

​Perfect Passive Participle

​Formation

​4th principal part of a verb

​+

​2-1-2 endings

​Perfect Passive Participle

​ m f n

​nom iactus iacta iactum

​gen iacti iactae iacti

​dat iacto iactae iacto

​acc iactum iactam iactum

​abl iacto iacta iacto

​nom iacti iactae iacta

​gen iactorum iactarum iactorum

​dat iactis iactis iactis

​acc iactos iactas iacta

​abl iactis iactis iactis

Multiple Choice

iactorum

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

Multiple Choice

iactas

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

Multiple Choice

iactis

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

​Future Active Participle

​Formation

​4th principal part

​+

​-ur- before the ending

​+

​2-1-2 ending

​Future Active Participle

​ m f n

​nom iacturus iactura iacturum

​gen iacturi iacturae iacturi

​dat iacturo iacturae iacturo

​acc iacturum iacturam iacturum

​abl iacturo iactura iacturo

​nom iacturi iacturae iactura

​gen iacturorum iacturarum iacturorum

​dat iacturis iacturis iacturis

​acc iacturos iacturas iactura

​abl iacturis iacturis iacturis

Multiple Choice

iacturos

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

Multiple Choice

iacturarum

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

Multiple Choice

iacturam

• nominative

• genitive

• dative/ablative

• accusative

​A couple other notes

​Agreement: like adjectives, participles have to agree in gender, number, and case to the noun they are modifying

​

​ amata femina the woman having been loved...

​ amatura femina the woman, about to love...

​ amans femina the loving woman...

​

​Just because the agree doesn't mean they have the same endings.

Multiple Choice

pila

• iactura

• iactos

• iacientem

Multiple Choice

feminam

• iactura

• iactos

• iacientem

Multiple Choice

pueros

• ductura

• ductos

• ducientem

Multiple Choice

canum

• latrantes

• latrantium

• lataturos

​A couple other notes

Progressive verbs confusion: Sometimes English uses the participle form for another use like a progressive verb that is actually an indicative verb that stresses that the action happens over a time.

​

​ The loving woman is good. = participle

​

​ The woman is loving her dog. = progressive main verb

Multiple Choice

I am running

• Progressive Verb
• Participle

Multiple Choice

While we were running away for the bus, we tripped and fell

• Progressive Verb
• Participle

Multiple Choice

The running man was a famous dance of the past.

• Progressive Verb
• Participle

Multiple Choice

Looking like a fool, I walked away from the fountain.

• Progressive Verb
• Participle

Multiple Choice

We were looking at the fool as he walked away from the fountain.

• Progressive Verb
• Participle

​That's it for review, looking forward, we'll learn Ablative Absolutes with this information!

​