Introduction to Genetics

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What do you know about human inheritance?

As knowledge and understanding of human inheritance increases, long-standing ideas regarding the facts of human heredity must be reexamined. Any ideas disproven by new discoveries must be rejected.

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Read the following statements carefully and determine whether they are true or false.

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Multiple Choice

The father determines the gender of the child.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Individuals may transmit characteristics to their offspring that they themselves do not show. 

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Identical twins are always of the same gender.

• True

• False

What do you know about human inheritance?

Which question did most people miss? Why?

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Why is it helpful to understand human heredity?

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Pre-Test

Multiple Choice

While traveling through Austria with her German class, Sharon visits the monastery where Gregor Mendel lived. Which title for Mendel does Sharon read on the monastery sign?

• Scientist of Chromosome Mapping

• Founder of Genetic Engineering

• Father of Genetics

• Cloning Pioneer

Multiple Choice

Thousands of years ago, humans domesticated wolves and over time have bred closely related wolf offspring. Dozens of dog breeds have emerged from wolves and other canines. Huskies were bred to be strong runners to pull sleds, and German shepherds were bred for their keen sense of smell. At times, undesirable traits, such as a weak hip in German shepherds, emerged. Which of the following explains the emergence of dog breeds from wild canines, such as wolves?

• Through natural selection, domesticated dogs evolved from wild canines. 

• As a result of human breeding attempts, inbreeding created undesirable dog traits.

• Humans used selective breeding to obtain desirable traits in dog breeds.

• Scientists used genetic engineering to manipulate wild canine genes.

Multiple Choice

What did Gregor Mendel discover?

• Similarities and differences in traits
• Heredity
• Passing of characteristics from parents to offspring
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

the genetic makeup of an organism

• heterozygous

• punnet square

• genotype

Multiple Choice

What is a phenotype

• The genetic make up (code)

• The physical trait

Multiple Choice

which is heterozygous ?

• Tt

• TT

Multiple Choice

Which is homozygous ?

• Zz

• SS

Multiple Choice

having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).

• homozygous

• hetrozygous

• protein

• chromosome

Multiple Choice

having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).

• protein
• homozygous
• heterozygous
• genotype

Multiple Choice

An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.

• hidden allele

• dominant allele

• recessive allele

• present allele

Multiple Choice

What is a phenotype?

• The expression of a trait; what you see.
• refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
• An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
• the passing of traits from parent to offspring

Multiple Choice

A heterozygous yellow pea plant's genotype would be:

• YY
• yy
• Yy
• Yg