Biotechnology Test Review

Biotechnology Test Review

By Kendall Zanders

3 fields of biotechnology

• Transgenic organisms (gene from one organism transferred to another), GMOs, Pesticide/Herbicide resistance

Agriculture

Medicine

Forensics

• Cloning

  • Reproductive (baby clone)

  • Therapeutic​ (STEM cells)

  Stem Cell Therapy​

  • ​undifferentiated cells become specialized

• Gene Therapy​

• Antibiotic resistance​

• Using DNA fingerprinting to analyze genomes (DNA)

  • ​at crime scenes

  • paternity testing

• PCR - amplify

• ​ Gel Electrophoresis

  • ​creates DNA fingerprint

Multiple Choice

What is a genome?

• Home for genes

• An organism's DNA

• A transgenic organism

• An organism's bone structure

Agriculture

answer the following questions on agriculture

• Transgenic organisms (gene from one organism transferred to another), GMOs, Pesticide/Herbicide resistance

This is a chart of the good and the bad in GMOs.

• Higher yield means more crops --> more crops means more $$ for farmers​ (good)

• Unknown effects are NOT good - we won't put stuff into our body where we don't know the side effects (unknown effects = bad)

• ​added nutritional value is beneficial to developing countries --> think golden rice! (added nutrients = good)

​

Advantages vs Disadvantages

Multiple Select

Select all the ADVANTAGES of GMOs:

• Creating unknown side effects from foods

• Cross pollination leading to SUPER weeds

• Added nutrients to different foods

• More crops produced for farmers

Multiple Choice

What is found at label A?

• Non-chromosomal plasmid

• chromosomal plasmid

• Gene of interest

• Non-chromosomal Gene of interest

Multiple Choice

What is label D showing?

• The gene of interest

• Plasmid

• Recombinant DNA

• Bacteria

Multiple Choice

What has to happen so the gene of interest and plasmid can combine by sticky ends?

• They are cut by two different enzymes

• They are cut by non-specific proteins

• They are cut by the same restriction enzyme

• They are cut by a sticky enzyme

Multiple Choice

If we insert human genes into a frog, then the frog is said to be _________________.

• transgenic

• human frog

• spider frog

• recombinant

Medicine

answer the following questions on medicine

• Cloning

  • Reproductive (baby clone)

  • Therapeutic​ (STEM cells)

  STEM Cell Therapy​

  • ​undifferentiated cells become specialized

• Gene Therapy​

• Antibiotic resistance​

Multiple Choice

What is gene therapy?

• Inserting copies of a healthy gene directly into cells with a mutated gene

• Crossing two individuals that have similar desirable characteristics or traits

• Producing organisms with identical copies of DNA

• Crossing two individuals that have different characteristics or traits

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell can become many type of cells? (also known as a "undifferentiated" cell)

• heart cells

• diverse cells

• stem cells

• unique cells

Multiple Choice

If someone DISAGREED with therapeutic cloning, what would they say?

• It can help treat diseases, like Alzheimer's

• It is wrong harm baby clones to replace human organs

• When STEM cells get taken, it harms the embryo

• STEM cells have the ability to specialize in order to treat people

Multiple Choice

Which number shows recombinant DNA being added back into the bacteria?

• 1

• 6

• 10a

• 9

Multiple Choice

Which letter sheep will the baby clone (dolly in the picture) be an identical copy of?

• A

• B

• C

• It will be a mixture

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of a vaccine? (Think about why you get vaccines like the flu shot every winter)

• to prevent infections

• to treat infections

• to eliminate healthy cells

Multiple Choice

Where can you find adult STEM cells?

• embryos

• bone marrow

• the brain

• adults do not contain STEM cells

Forensics

answer the following questions on forensics

• Using DNA fingerprinting to analyze genomes (DNA)

  • ​at crime scenes

  • paternity testing

• PCR - amplify

• ​ Gel Electrophoresis

  • ​creates DNA fingerprint

Multiple Choice

Based on the image above, what are the benefits of using this technique?

• The technique compares the physical characteristics of Bob, Sue, John, and Lisa

• The technique compares the physical characteristics of four individuals with certain genetic  disorders

• The technique compares the genome (DNA) of four different individuals which are Bob, Sue, John, and Lisa.

• The technique can compare the DNA of one individual for point mutations. 

Multiple Choice

True or False: DNA fingerprinting allows us to examine physical traits of different individuals.

• True, based off of pattern of bands we can tell who has brown hair.

• False, DNA fingerprinting compares the pattern of bands NOT physical traits

Multiple Choice

Select the example that is NOT associated with biotechnology:

• Gene Therapy

• X-Rays

• Gel Electrophoresis

• Cloning

Multiple Choice

Using the image above, which male (dad 1, dad 2, or dad 3) is the father of the child?

• Dad 1

• Dad 2

• Dad 3

Multiple Choice

Who matches the blood stain and is there for, guilty of the crime?

• Bob

• Sue

• John

• Lisa