
Genetic Mutations
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•
Biology
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Medium
Standards-aligned
Stacy King
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11 Slides • 4 Questions
1
Genetic Mutations
By Stacy King
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Mutations
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Mutations:
A change in the RNA or DNA caused by one or more nucleotides changing locations.
This can happen when one nucleotide is inserted, deleted, or substituted for a different nucleotide
Un cambio en el ARN o el ADN causado por uno o más nucleótidos que cambian de ubicación.
Esto puede suceder cuando se inserta, elimina o sustituye un nucleótido por un nucleótido diferente.
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What causes mutations?
Sometimes it just happens!
An organisms genetic code can make typos or mistakes when it is copied.
¡A veces simplemente sucede!
El código genético de un organismo puede cometer errores tipográficos o errores cuando se copia.
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Mutations
Harmful - Causes an enzyme or protein to not function properly
Helpful - Causes a genetic change that is good for the individual/species
Neutral (not good or bad) - Doesn't do anything
Nocivo: hace que una enzima o proteína no funcione correctamente
Útil - Causa un cambio genético que es bueno para el individuo/especie
Neutral (ni bueno ni malo) - No hace nada
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Point Mutations
A point mutation is when only one part of a DNA or RNA sequence is changed.
This usually happens with a substitution mutation
One nucleotide is replaced with a different nucleotide
Can result in a different amino acid being created.
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Types of Gene Mutations: Point or Substitution
A mutation where a single base is changed into another.
*If a substitution does not change the amino acid, it is called a silent mutation.
Una mutación donde una sola base se cambia a otra.
*Si una sustitución no cambia el aminoácido, se denomina mutación silenciosa.
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Multiple Choice
A point mutation is usually what type of mutation?
Una mutación puntual suele ser el tipo de mutación?
Frameshift
Insertion
Deletion
Substitution
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Frame Shift Mutation
When a mutation causes the DNA or RNA sequence to change downstream.
Usually an insertion or deletion mutation
When a nucleotide is inserted or deleted, it will change the rest of the code after it
Can result in the whole structure being different.
Cuando una mutación hace que la secuencia de ADN o ARN cambie aguas abajo.
Por lo general, una mutación por inserción o deleción
Cuando se inserta o elimina un nucleótido, cambiará el resto del código después de eso.
Puede resultar en que toda la estructura sea diferente.
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Types of Gene Mutations: Insertion
A mutation where a single base is inserted somewhere in the DNA sequence.
Una mutación en la que se inserta una sola base en algún lugar de la secuencia de ADN.
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Types of Gene Mutations: Deletion
A mutation where a single base is deleted somewhere in the DNA sequence.
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Multiple Select
A frameshift mutation is which of the following?
¿Cuál de las siguientes es una mutación de cambio de marco?
Point mutation
Insertion
Deletion
Subtitution
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Multiple Choice
Which mutation would be more harmful for an organism?
¿Qué mutación sería más dañina para un organismo?
Point mutation (substitution)
Frameshift (insertion/Deletion)
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Multiple Choice
Why would a frameshift be more harmful?
¿Por qué un cambio de marco sería más dañino?
It changes all the code downstream
Only one nucleotide is changing
All mutations are harmful
It can't correct iself
Genetic Mutations
By Stacy King
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