Unit 5 Test- Layers of the Earth

Unit 5 Test- Layers of the Earth

By Erin Bollinger

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes what has happened to Earth’s crust over time?

• The crust has cooled to form solid nickel and iron.

• The crust has changed position because of Earth’s magnetic field.

•  The crust has been broken into pieces that move over molten rock.

• The crust has heated up because of its position near the Earth’s molten inner core.

The plates move because they sit on top of the hot melted layer of the mantle.

Molten rock means melted rock

Earth's crust is broken into pieces called tectonic plates.

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Multiple Choice

Which part of the diagram represents the mantle?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Layers of the Earth

Multiple Choice

Which order correctly lists Earth’s layers from least dense to most dense?

•  inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

• crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

• asthenosphere, crust, atmosphere, mantle

•  lithosphere, atmosphere, inner core, outer core

The least dense layers float on top of the more dense layers.

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Density = how packed together molecules are in a substance.

The Earth has layers because of density. ​

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Multiple Choice

This table shows the layers of Earth and several characteristics of each layer.

Which layer of Earth has the highest average temperature?

• inner core

• outer core

• lower mantle

• crust

Each layer of the Earth gets hotter. The crust is the coolest and the inner core is the hottest.

Multiple Choice

Why is the inner core of Earth a solid, while the outer core is a liquid?

• The inner core is hotter than the outer core.

• The inner core is less dense than the outer core.

• The inner core is made of metal, and the outer core is not.

• The inner core is under more pressure than the outer core.

The inner core is solid because of the exteme pressure of having all the other layers sitting on top of it.

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between Earth’s inner core and outer core?

• The less dense, liquid inner core is suspended in the solid outer core.

• The denser, solid inner core is suspended in the liquid outer core.

• The two cores are separated by the mantle.

• The two cores are separated by the crust.

​Less Dense

Thicker​

Liquid​

Outer Core

Made out of metal (Iron and nickel)

Both

​More Dense

Hotter

Solid​

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Inner Core

Multiple Choice

Which statement best compares Earth’s core to the mantle?

• Both are in direct contact with the crust.

• Neither are in direct contact with the crust.

• The mantle is a thick, hot, convective layer, while the core is dense and metallic.

• The core is a thick, cold, convective layer, while the mantle is dense and metallic.

• Thickest layer of Earth

• Convective Layer

  • Convection powers plate tectonics

• Some solid, some liquid

Mantle

Multiple Choice

What is the primary reason that continents are found at higher elevations than the ocean floor?

• Continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust.

• Continental crust is more dense than oceanic crust.

• Continental crust covers less surface area than oceanic crust.

• Continental crust covers more surface area than oceanic crust.

Thinner

More Dense (sinks below)​

​Oceanic Crust

Thicker

Less Dense (rises above)​

Continetal Crust

Crustal Plates

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

What happens when a wave created by an earthquake passes from the crust to the mantle?

• The wave increases in energy.

• The wave reverses direction.

• The wave changes speed.

• The wave stops moving.

Scientist learn a lot about the layers of the earth by studying earthquakes. As seisic waves travel through the earth they change depending on the properties of each layer.

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​Earthquakes

Multiple Choice

Joey is creating a model of Earth. Which layer of the model should be the thinnest?

• crust

• Mantle

• inner core

• outer core

Crust

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• Thinnest layer of Earth

• Least dense layer

• Coldest layer

• Solid rock

Some text here about the topic of discussion