Science - Unit P Day 8

Science - Unit P Day 8

By KELLY COOTS

​What Are Some Common Forms of Chemical Energy?

​One form of chemical energy that we have already looked at is the chemical energy stored in an apple. That energy can be changed into mechanical energy to allow us to do work, such as moving a book from the desk to the counter. All food contains chemical energy that can be converted by the body to use as mechanical energy. The body also uses that chemical energy to make changes, such as growing, or repairing body parts like a cut or scratch.

Multiple Select

The energy in the taco the boy is eating contains________ energy and it is converted into _______energy when he walks.

• Solar

• Chemical

• Electrical

• Mechanical (motion)

Multiple Choice

What type of energy can chemical transform into?

• Heat
• Light
• Electrical
• All of the above

​An apple tree uses light energy from the Sun to change water and carbon dioxide into food for the plant. This process is called photosynthesis. When the plant changes light, water, and carbon dioxide into food, it produces extra oxygen, which it doesn’t need. The plant gets rid of the oxygen, which is important to all animals that need oxygen to survive. The plant will use some of the energy in its food to grow, just like we do. Some of the energy gets stored as sugars in the plant parts, such as leaves, stems, roots, and fruits. When we eat an apple, the chemical energy in the apple is stored energy from the Sun.

Multiple Choice

What energy does the plant need from the Sun to make food (or carry out photosynthesis)?

• light energy

• heat energy

• electrical energy

​Over time, dead leaves will fall to the ground. Dead branches will also fall to the ground. The tree itself will fall to the ground. And all of those plant parts contain chemical energy that can be used. When we cut up a tree and burn the wood in a campfire, we are using the stored chemical energy of the wood to produce heat and light. We can use some of that heat to cook a meal, which is another example of chemical energy. The stored energy of the wood can be used to create changes: burning and cooking. Over time the wood might decay, another form of chemical change.

Multiple Choice

When we burn coal, the chemical energy is converted into...

• light & heat.

• energy.

• solar energy.

• calories.

​When dead plant and animal parts decay in the ground under the right conditions, those plant and animal parts can be changed into coal and oil. One hundred and thirty million years ago, the conditions were just right for that change to occur. The coal, oil, and gasoline that we use today to power our cars, machines, and electrical power plants are all the result of chemical changes that occurred hundreds of millions of years ago. That is why oil and coal are called fossil fuels. However, there is only so much coal and oil available, because those conditions only occurred at one time in Earth’s history. Because those resources can only be used once, and can’t be remade, they are called non‐renewable resources. The electrical energy produced from wind, water, and solar power can be easily made, and are examples of renewable resources.

Multiple Choice

One advantage of solar and wind power over fossil fuels is that

• wind and solar are presently much less expensive than fossil fuels.

• wind and solar come from natural processes and fossil fuels do not.

• wind and solar are nonrenewable resources and fossil fuel are renewable.

• wind and solar are continuously renewable and fossil fuels take millions of years to be formed.

Multiple Choice

What are fossil fuels?

• coal, oil, uranium

• oil, natural gas, uranium

• coal, oil, natural gas

• geothemals, coal, natural gas

Multiple Choice

Which of these is non renewable

• natural gas

• water in a dam

• solar power

• wind energy

​These are some common examples of chemical energy being used to cause motion or create change. We eat food to move and grow. We burn wood to produce heat and light. We cook food over the fire. We burn coal and oil to produce electricity. We use electricity to cook the food we eat, and to light the room we are in. We use gas from oil to run the engines of our cars, buses, trucks, trains, and boats.

Multiple Choice

Chemical energy can be used to cause _____________.

• gravity and friction

• resources and fossil fuels

• motion or create change.

• renewable and nonrenewable resources

All of these examples have one thing in common: all of the energy that is being produced and used started with the Sun’s energy being changed and stored by a plant. Thank a plant the next time you are outside!​

Multiple Choice

What do the roots of a plant do?

• take in sunlight for the plant
• make food for the plant
• take in water and nutrients
• none of the above

Multiple Choice

The _______ of the plant makes food from sunlight.

• leaves
• roots
• stem
• flowers

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the stem of a plant?

• takes in water and nutrients
• moves water and nutrients to other parts of the plant
• makes flowers on the plant
• none of the above

Multiple Choice

Plants need sunlight to ________.

• breathe
• keep the plant warm
• make food for the plant
• plants do not need sunlight

Open Ended

What do YOU use your up all of your energy on?