Sources of Information

Sources of Information

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

When someone or something provides you with information, we call them a source.

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

​People, letters, books, files, films, videos, the internet and more can be sources of information

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

​Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Sources

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Primary sources-display original thinking, report on new discoveries, or share fresh information.

-"original works"​

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Examples of primary sources:

Theses, dissertations, scholarly journal articles (research-based), some government reports, symposia and conference proceedings, original artwork, poems, photographs, speeches, letters, memos, personal narratives, diaries, interviews, autobiographies, and correspondence.

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Secondary Sources describe or explain primary sources.

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Textbooks, edited works, books and articles that interpret or review research works, histories, biographies, literary criticism and interpretation, reviews of law and legislation, political analyses and commentaries.

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Tertiary sources provide overviews of topics by synthesizing information gathered from other resources.

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Dictionaries/encyclopedias (may also be secondary), almanacs, fact books, Wikipedia, bibliographies (may also be secondary), directories, guidebooks, manuals, handbooks, and textbooks (may be secondary), indexing and abstracting sources.

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

​Reference Books

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Reference Books

• Include facts, figures, addresses, statistics, definitions, dates, etc.

• Useful for finding factual or statistical information or for a brief overview of a particular topic.

• Examples: dictionaries, encyclopedias, directories

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Newspapers (News sources)

• Provides very current information about events, people, or places at the time they are published

• Useful for information on current events or to track the development of a story as it unfolds

• Examples: The Manila Bulletin, The New York Times, Philippine Daily Inquirer, CNN

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Newspapers

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​Magazines

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Magazines

• Include articles on diverse topics of popular interest and current events

• Articles typically written by journalists or professional writers

• Geared toward the general public

• Examples: Time, Newsweek, National Geographic

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Academic Journals (Peer-reviewed or scholarly journals)

• Include articles written by and for specialists/experts in a particular field

• Articles must go through a peer review process before they're accepted for publication

• Articles tend to have a narrower focus and more analysis of the topic than those in other types of publications

• Include cited references or footnotes at the end of research articles

• Examples: Journal of Communication, The Historian, Journal of the American Medical Association

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

​Journals

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Academic Journals (Peer-reviewed or scholarly journals)

• Include articles written by and for specialists/experts in a particular field

• Articles must go through a peer review process before they're accepted for publication

• Articles tend to have a narrower focus and more analysis of the topic than those in other types of publications

• Include cited references or footnotes at the end of research articles

• Examples: Journal of Communication, The Historian, Journal of the American Medical Association

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Books

• Cover virtually any topic, fact or fiction 

• Useful for the complete background on an issue or an in-depth analysis of a theory or person

• Can take years to publish, so may not always include the most current information

• Examples: Harry Potter, The Hunger Games and Charlotte's Web,

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

​Books

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Video is a format, and the Web is a delivery method.

You must assess the reliability of all sources of information; this determines:

• what information you use

• how it is presented it to the readers or listeners

By BIBETH ATCHUELA

Multiple Choice

What source of information is an interview with a vlogger?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is encyclopedia?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is the State of the Nation Address or SONA?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information are indexes?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is the history of NCR?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is biography?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is an autobiography?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is the first Philippine flag-raising picture?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is the court hearing?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Multiple Choice

What source of information is the dictionary?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary