EID 3.3 Authentic Practice

EID 3.3 Authentic Practice

By Ms. Bailey*

​Lesson Objective:

​KWBAT describe how environmental changes affect organisms and traits in subsequent populations

KWBAT differentiate between natural selection and artificial selection (selective breeding)

​Today you will learn:

​Snakes in the newts’ environment caused the population to become more poisonous over time. A higher poison level is an adaptive trait because it leads to fewer snakes eating the newts. Overtime, newts with a higher poison level survived, reproduced and passed their genes to offspring.

• Annotations are used to leverage knowledge and skills to successfully answer test questions.

​Welcome back Biologists!  Today is our last day for the Ecosystem Interdependence unit.  We’re going to start by examining histogram data to answer our unit question: “Why did the newt population” change over time.  Then, we’ll intentionally practice preparing for our unit exam.

Multiple Choice

Which description matches the histogram of the population 50 generations ago?

• Most of the newts had low-poison level traits; very few had high-poison level traits.

• Most of the newts had high-poison level traits; very few had low-poison level traits.

• All of the individuals in the population had high-poison level traits.

• None of the individuals in the population had high-poison level traits.

Multiple Choice

Which description matches the histogram of the population today?

• Most of the newts have low-poison level traits; very few have high-poison level traits.

• Most of the newts have high-poison level traits; very few have low-poison level traits.

• All of the individuals in the population have high-poison level traits.

• None of the individuals in the population have high-poison level traits.

Open Ended

What likely caused the population of newts to change over time?

​Possible Answer:

​

The level of poison found ​in the newt population increased because the amount of snakes in their environment increased over fifty years.

​FIND A PARTNER!!

Multiple Choice

In a certain swamp ecosystem, herons and snapping turtles feed on the same species of minnow. This will most likely result in —

• an increase in the minnow population.

• the development of a new type of predator.

• competition between the heron and the turtle.

• extinction of the snapping turtle.

Multiple Choice

A diagram of a terrestrial food web is shown below. Which two organisms are most likely to compete for water, minerals, and sunlight?

• Pronghorn antelope and Bachmann's sparrow

• Green lynx spider and honey bee

• Texas walnut and cutleaf daisy

• Bald eagle and cutleaf daisy

Multiple Choice

As global warming melts polar ice, fewer seals can be found in the Arctic. As a result, polar bears will most likely —

• increase in number as competition with the seals for food increases 

• maintain a constant population by finding other sources of food

• decrease in number as their food source disappears

• migrate to tropical regions to follow the seals

​FIND A NEW PARTNER!!!!

Multiple Choice

The Prairies Region and the Cross Timbers are located in north-central Texas. The graph below shows information about eating habits of white-tailed deer in these regions. A Cross Timbers rancher is concerned about competition between the ranch animals and the deer. Based on the graph, which ranch animals compete for the most food with white-tailed deer?

• Cattle that eat grass and feed

• Goats that eat weeds and shrubs

• Turkeys that eat seeds and fruit

• Hogs that eat fruit, seeds, and feed

Multiple Choice

Lions and cheetahs prey on wildebeests that graze in the grasslands of the African savanna. What likely effect would increased rainfall over several rainy seasons have on the populations of wildebeests, lions, and cheetahs?

• All three populations would increase.

• The wildebeest population would decrease, and the lion and cheetah populations would increase.

• The wildebeest population would increase, and the lion and cheetah populations would decrease.

• All three populations would decrease.

Multiple Choice

Industries have built many oil and gas platforms off the Texas coast. Coral reefs have formed underwater on many of the platforms. The formation of coral reefs on the platforms is —

• harmful because it increases competition between coral reefs.

• harmful because it decreases the likelihood that coral reefs will form in flat, muddy areas.

• helpful because it offsets the number of coral reefs lost to pollution.

• helpful because it prevents coral reefs from forming in flat, muddy areas.

​PROPER POSITIONS PLEASE!!!

Multiple Choice

The Chihuahuan Desert of the United States and Mexico may be the most biologically diverse desert in the world. Extensive grazing has caused the flora and soil of this ecosystem to become more unstable. How has biodiversity affected the sustainability of this ecosystem?

• Biodiversity has prevented this ecosystem from being sustainable.

• Biodiversity has not changed this ecosystem's level of sustainability.

• Biodiversity has put this ecosystem at risk of being less sustainable in the future.

• Biodiversity has helped this ecosystem remain sustainable.

Multiple Choice

Primary succession occurs when pioneer species move into an area that has no plants. Which organisms are common pioneer species?

• Conifer trees and tall grasses with roots that loosen the soil

• Mosses and lichens that can grow on rocky surfaces

• Grasses and weeds that arrive as seeds carried by the wind and then germinate in rich soil

• Vines and shrubs that help prevent the erosion of shallow soil

Multiple Choice

The drawing shows the reproductive process of yeast, an organism which is used in baking bread or making wine. Based upon this drawing, what can you conclude about the offspring of yeasts?

• Yeasts produce genetically uniform offspring through asexual reproduction.

• Yeasts produce genetically diverse offspring through asexual reproduction.

• Yeasts produce genetically uniform offspring through sexual reproduction.

• Yeasts produce genetically diverse offspring through sexual reproduction.

​OK... EXIT TICKET TIME!!

Multiple Choice

Arlyn is a research assistant at a genetics laboratory. She is leading a tour of the laboratory for a group of eighth-grade science students. She explains the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes. which of the following relationships is correctly stated?

• A gene is made up of tightly wound chromosomes which contain DNA.

• DNA contains hundreds of chromosomes, which are distinct portions in genes.

• Each gene in a chromosome is a distinct portion of DNA which determines a genetic trait.

• A chromosome interprets the DNA code to manufacture a gene to control a genetic trait.

Multiple Choice

Percy slips on some slime growing on top of some rocks in a brook. He mistakenly calls the slime a plant because the slime is green. Like plants, the slime is made of eukaryotic cells. However, the slime belongs in the fungi kingdom. How does the slime differ from plants?

• The slime does not have nuclei in its cells, whereas plants have nuclei in their cells.

• The slime obtains its nutrients through absorption, whereas plants are autotrophs.

• The slime reproduces only sexually, whereas plants can reproduce sexually and asexually.

• The slime reproduces only asexually, whereas plants can reproduce ou sexually

Multiple Choice

A dichotomous key for identifying fish is shown. Based on this key, which two fish have eyes located on either side of their head and are not spotted?

• Glassy sweeper and squirrelfish

• Glasseye snapper and spotted eagle ray

• Spotted goatfish and bandtail puffer

• Peacock flounder and glassy sweeper

Multiple Choice

Lake Talia in East Africa is home to many species of fish called cichlids. In 1954 the predatory Nile perch was introduced to Lake Victoria. The Nile perch became the dominant fish species in the lake by the mid-1980s. The number of cichlid species in the lake decreased as the Nile perch population increased. The perch preyed heavily on cichlid species that fed on algae and debris on the bottom of the lake. Algae in the lake increased, and oxygen levels decreased. The surface area of the gills of some cichlid species has increased in just over 20 years. Which statement explains the increase in gill surface area seen in some of Lake Victoria’s cichlids?

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to change their diet and avoid competing with the Nile perch.

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to be camouflaged and avoid being eaten by the Nile perch.

•  Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to leave Lake Victoria and establish populations in nearby bodies of water.

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to better absorb the limited oxygen in the water.

Multiple Choice

Some areas of an ocean are known as dead zones. These zones form when excess organic material decomposes. This increased decomposition uses up the oxygen from the water. Which human activity is most affected by the increasing number of dead zones in the ocean?

• Offshore oil drilling, because water in dead zones is toxic

• Commercial fishing, because fish cannot survive without oxygen

• Commercial shipping, because dead zones change the course of ocean currents

• Sand mining, because oxygen is not available to form the sands on ocean beaches

Multiple Choice

Black walnut trees produce a nontoxic chemical that becomes highly toxic when it is exposed to air or soil. How does this chemical help black walnut trees compete with plants growing nearby?

• By attracting herbivores to the other plants

• By suppressing the growth of the other plants

• By increasing the photosynthesis rates in the other plants

• By limiting the amount of water available to the other plants

Multiple Choice

A diagram of an aquatic food web is shown below.  Crayfish in rivers are small but numerous. They compete with one another for —

• minerals in the soil

• small living fish.

• fallen leaves from trees.

• scraps from dead animals.

Multiple Choice

Aquatic organisms such as krill and shrimp are primary consumers. These organisms might compete with one another for —

• oxygen

• sunlight

• phytoplankton

• fish

Multiple Choice

 The table shows the number of beetles observed in a certain forest over 60 years. If the environmental conditions remain constant, which of the following sets most likely show the populations of each beetle in 2010?

• Green beetles: 18; Brown beetles: 71

• Green beetles: 23; Brown beetles: 81

• Green beetles: 13; Brown beetles: 79

• Green beetles: 28; Brown beetles: 69

Multiple Choice

Jeimy observes several species of plants growing in a drainage ditch. Some species have short roots, while others have long roots. During periods of heavy rain, the ditch fills with fast-moving water, which uproots more plants that have short roots than long roots. Which short-term, which uproots more plants that have short roots than long roots.

• Most plants in the ditch will be plants with long roots.

• Most plants in the ditch will be plants with short roots.

• There will be no change in the numbers of plants with long roots and short roots.

• There will be an equal number of plants in the ditch with long roots and short roots.