compass

compass and map

By Jacob Davidson

the base plate is clear so you can read the map underneath

​base plate

the ruler on the side of your compass is used to help you calculate distances on a map

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​Ruler

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is marked with degrees from zero to 360 the degrees are used to give you a bearing​

​Rotating Bezel

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marks where you will read your dial from for bearings ​

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​Index line or dot

​is used to help orient the bezel

​orienting arrow

you point this in the direction you are wanting to take your bearing

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​Direction of travel arrow

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you use these to line up with the north south lines on a map. be sure that north on the compass is pointing north on the map or your bearings will be 180 degrees off​

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​orienting lines

Declination

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is the angle difference between magnetic north and true north based on your location Our declination is 8 degrees​

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Silva 1-2-3 system

1. lay your base line along your direction of travel

2. ​line up the orienting lines with the North South Lines on a map so with North on the Bezel pointing North on the map

3. put the red magnetic arrow inside or on the orienting arrow​

​once you have done this, your direction of travel arrow will be pointing you in the right direction

Multiple Choice

Why is the base plate clear?

• to help you line up to a land mark

• so you can use it to heat up water with sunlight

• so you can see the map underneath it

• because thats how the company makesit

Multiple Choice

what is marked with degrees from 0-360 on it?

• rotating bezel

• index line or spot

• magnetized needle

• declination

Multiple Choice

what is the angle difference between magnetic north and true north based on your location called

• delination

• declination

• linear lines

• orienting arrow

​5 colors of a map

​Blue - water features like lakes, ponds and streams.​

Black - man-made objects or rock features like roads, trails, buildings, cliffs, boulders.

White - open woods you could run through

Green - thick vegetation (light green) or fight (dark green) that you might want to avoid

Yellow - open land, semi-open land, where you can look up and see the sky like fields or power lines.

Brown - land features like earth banks or contours   

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​scale

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Scale refers to the relationship between the size of the map and the actual size of area that is mapped, or relative distance.On a 1:10,000 scale, one of any unit on the map equals 10,000 of the same unit on the ground. Orienteering typically uses "meters" to measure distance. 

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​Contours

​Contour lines and the brown squiggly lines you see on the map. They represent elevation in the landscape. As a beginner, you only need to know that the closer the lines are together the steeper the landscape.  

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